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Figure 2 | Parasites & Vectors

Figure 2

From: Trypanosoma rangeli: a new perspective for studying the modulation of immune reactions of Rhodnius prolixus

Figure 2

A serine proteinase cascade is activated when different receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). These serine proteases hydrolyze and activate the prophenoloxidase-activating proteinase precursor (proPAP) to prophenoloxidase-activating proteinase (PAP) that can be inhibited by serpins (proteinase inhibitors). The enzyme PAP hydrolyses prophenoloxidase (PPO) releasing phenoloxidase (PO). PO oxidizes tyrosine to dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and subsequently into quinones, the precursors of melanin, cytotoxic products and encapsulation of pathogens.

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Parasites & Vectors

ISSN: 1756-3305

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