Table 1 Proteins in essential for survival processes, mitochondrial changes and effectors associated with trypansomatid apoptosis
| Proteins in essential processes associated with apoptosis | Mitochondrial changes associated with apoptosis | Effectors of apoptosis |
|---|---|---|
|
Proteins associated with the cell-cycle
Prohibitin (T. brucei) RACK (T. brucei) QM (T. brucei) PKC (L. donovani) GSK-3 (L. donovani) CRK3 (L. donovani) |
Respiration and ΔΨm
Increase, Decrease |
Proteases
Cathepsin-like proteases (CPA, CPB, CPC) (L. major, L. mexicana) |
|
Proteins associated with proliferation and cell division
Centrin (L. donovani) EF-1α (T. cruzi) |
Mitochondrial membrane permeability
ROS by lipid peroxidationb ΔΨm by mitochondrial matrix condensationa Bcl-2 functional homologuesb |
Proteasomal proteases
(L. amazonensis) |
|
Proteins involved in DNA replication
Topoisomerases (Leishmania spp.) |
Mitochondrial release of pro-apoptotic proteins
Cytochrome c c EndoG |
Metacaspases
(T. cruzi, L. donovani) |
|
Proteins involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport
Ran (T. brucei) RanBP1 (T. brucei) CAS (T. brucei) NTF-2 (T. brucei) |
ΔΨm, ROS and Ca2+ interplay
Trigger → Cytosolic Ca2+ elevation → Ca2+ entry into mitochondrion → Dissipation of ΔΨm → ROS |
Nucleases
EndoG (Leishmania spp.) |
|
Proteins in cytoskeletal dynamics
Tubulins a (L. donovani, T. brucei) | Trigger → ROS → lipid peroxidation-→ elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ → Dissipation of ΔΨm |
TatD-like endonuclease (L. donovani) |
|
Proteins in other processes
SIR2 deacetylase (L. infantum) | Trigger → ROS → ΔΨm → intracellular Ca2+ elevation |
Flap-endonuclease-1
(L. donovani) |