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Table 3 Characterization of Microphallus papillorobustus populations in gammarid brains used for Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) experiments, and NOS-IR levels in brains infected with one metacercaria (mc).

From: Parasitic manipulation and neuroinflammation: Evidence from the system Microphallus papillorobustus (Trematoda) - Gammarus (Crustacea)

Gammarids' behavioral status

Number of brains

Number of infected brains

Number of mcs per infected brain

Number of brains with one mc*

Percent difference in the number of NOS-IR particles**

   

Mean (Range)

 

Mean (Range)

MAD

22

22

2.2 (1 - 7)

8

32.6 (-7 to 83)

Normal

17

5

1.6 (1 - 3)

3

3.4 (-9 to 17)

  1. *one single mature metacercaria in MAD gammarids; one developing or fully-developed metacercaria in normal gammarids
  2. ** [(ni - nu)/nu] × 100; ni represents the number of NOS-IR particles in the infected region of the brain, and nu the number of particles in the contralateral uninfected region in brains with one metacercaria.