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Table 6 Relationship between A. lumbricoides, hookworm and T. trichiura infection intensity, multiple helminth infection and school performance, including standard deviation (SD) measured by end-of-school-term marks (scale from 100 (best) to 0 (worst)) among 154 children from Bulangshan, Yunnan province, P.R. China.

From: Self-rated quality of life and school performance in relation to helminth infections: case study from Yunnan, People's Republic of China

Parameter

Obs.

End-of-school-term marks

  

Chinese

Mathematics

English

Sports (n = 104)c

  

Mean (SD)

P -valuea

Mean (SD)

P -value

Mean (SD)

P -value

Mean (SD)

P -value

A. lumbricoides

         

   Nob

66

46 (19)

0.107

26 (17)

0.342

42 (18)

0.600

78 (12) (n = 47)

0.130

   Light

33

38 (19)

 

21 (15)

 

38 (23)

 

75 (12) (n = 20)

 

   Moderate

51

42 (19)

 

25 (18)

 

44 (19)

 

73 (14) (n = 34)

 

   Heavy

4

32 (13)

 

20 (13)

 

37 (23)

 

55 (23) (n = 3)

 

Hookworm

         

   No

49

46 (20)

0.110

29 (18)

0.090

42 (21)

0.586

75 (11) (n = 34)

0.321

   Light

95

42 (19)

 

23 (16)

 

42 (18)

 

75 (15) (n = 63)

 

   Moderate

5

44 (15)

 

20 (9)

 

31 (22)

 

81 (9) (n = 4)

 

   Heavy

5

25 (7)

 

15 (8)

 

48 (28)

 

65 (5) (n = 3)

 

T. trichiura

         

   No

47

47 (20)

0.360

29 (19)

0.126

42 (15)

0.326

77 (15) (n = 34)

0.438

   Light

78

41 (18)

 

23 (15)

 

39 (21)

 

75 (13) (n = 48)

 

   Moderate

27

40 (17)

 

21 (13)

 

44 (22)

 

74 (12) (n = 21)

 

   Heavy

2

48 (53)

 

39 (47)

 

60 (0)

 

90 (n.a.) (n = 1)

 

Multiple helminth infection

         

   No

13

54 (21)

0.089

41 (23)

0.007

45 (19)

0.697

80 (11) (n = 10)

0.773

   Single

22

47 (18)

 

24 (14)

 

41 (17)

 

76 (12) (n = 17)

 

   Dual

46

43 (20)

 

21 (13)

 

39 (17)

 

75 (15) (n = 31)

 

   Triple

73

40 (18)

 

24 (17)

 

43 (22)

 

74 (13) (n = 46)

 
  1. a P-values according to the Kruskal-Wallis test with 3 d.f. b Stratification according to WHO [21]. c One class had no sports education