Table 2 Sporogonic stages of bat malaria in Hippoboscoidea (all Nycteriibidae except for Vetufebrus in a fossil streblid).

Vetufebrus ovatus

Fossil streblid

35 × 15,29 × 17

oval

7-10, stubby

ends rounded

Present study

P. deanei

Basilia sp.

60, round

8, thick

[12]

P. melanipherus

Nycteribia parvula

?

?

[29]

P. murinus

Nycteribia kolenatii

57-71, round

7.4

[10]

Polychromophilus sp.

Nycteribia dentata

?

7, stubby

ends rounded

[28]

Polychromophilus sp.

Penicillidia fulvida

oval, 31 × 10

57 × 47

13, thick,

blunt ends

[11]

Polychromophilus sp.

P. dufouri

P. conspicua

?

stubby,

blunt ends

[5, 13]

Polychromophilus ?

Listropoda sp.

?

6.3, stubby,

blunt ends

[5, 27]