Table 1 The prevalence of major canine and feline parasitic zoonoses in mainland China

Toxocariasis

Toxocara canis, T. cati

2.1%–17.7% in children in Chengdu; a case reported in Yunnan province

45.2% in dogs in Hunan; 36.5% in dogs in Heilongjiang

[15, 16, 19, 20]

Ancylostomiasis

Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma caninum

6.12% in south China

66.3% in dogs in Heilongjiang; 20.3% in dogs in Hunan; Some reported cases in Gansu, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Inner Mongolia in dogs and cats

[9, 19, 20, 24]

Strongyloidiasis

Strongyloides stercoralis

11.7% in small village of Yunnan province; some cases reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Not available

[9, 37]

Trichinellosis

Trichinella spiralis, T. nativa

3.19% in ten endemic provinces; 9 outbreaks by eating dog meat in north China

Canine trichinellosis reported in 11 endemic provinces; feline trichinellosis reported in 10 endemic provinces

[40, 42, 43]

Echinococcosis

Echinococcu granulosus, E. multilocularis

~0.4 million in 22 endemic provinces

39.9% in dogs in Qinghai province

[38, 44]

Clonorchiasis

Clonorchis sinensis

2.4% in 27 endemic provinces; ~12.5 million; 31.90%–57.26% in some villages in Heilongjiang province; 15.2% in some villages of the Korean minority in Liaoning province

41.8% in dogs in Guangdong; 20.5% in cats in Guangdong

[24, 38, 48, 51–54]

Paragonimiasis

Paragonimus westermani

1.71% in 24 endemic provinces

Dogs: 14.29% in Hubei; 9.9%–84.62% in Liaoning; 10% in Zhejiang; Cats: 4.5% in Guangxi; 56.25% in Hubei; 2.56%–5.6% in Jiangxi

[24, 55]

Giardiasis

Giardia lamblia

2.5%; ~30 million

25.2% in dogs in Jilin Province; 13.1% in dogs Henan Province; 11% in pet dogs in Guangzhou

[38, 77, 78, 80]

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasma gondii

7.9 –12.3% nationwide

21.3% in pet dogs in Guangzhou; 31.3% in stray dogs in Guangzhou; 30.77% in stray cats in Guangzhou; 17.98% in pet cats in Guangzhou; 10.81% in dogs in Lanzhou; 21.3% in cats in Lanzhou

[62, 68–71]

Leishmaniasis

Leishmania infantum Leishmania donovani

More than 400 cases reported in endemic regions in western China

24.8% in dogs in Sichuan Province; 59.43% in dogs in Jiuzhaigou County; 37.21% in dogs in Beichuan County

[85–88, 91–93]