Babesia spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing ticks, ticks parasitizing rodents and the parasitized rodents – Analyzing the host-pathogen-vector interface in a metropolitan area

Table 2 Previously identified infection rates with Anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing Ixodes ricinus in Germany

Year of tick collection	Location in Germany	No. of ticks	Average prevalence in%	Method	Target gene	Reference
2003	North	127^b	3.9	Reverse Line Blot	16S rRNA	[82]
2005	North	1,646^c	3.2	Real-time PCR	Msp2 ^a	[85]
2003	Central	305^c	2.3	Conventional PCR	16S rRNA	[86]
2006-2007	Central	1,000^c	5.4	Conventional PCR	16S rRNA	[73]
2007	Central	196^c	0	Conventional PCR	16S rRNA	[79]
1999	South	492^c	1.6	Conventional PCR	16S rRNA	[87]
1999-2001	South	5,424	1.9	Nested PCR	16S rRNA	[78]
2002	South	1,963	2.8	Nested PCR	16S rRNA	[88]
2003-2004	South	625	4.5	Real-time PCR	Msp2 ^a	[84]
2006	South	2,862^c	2.9	Real-time PCR	Msp2 ^a	[29]
2009-2010	South	5,569^c	9.0	Real-time PCR	Msp2 ^a	[53]
1998 -2010	Total	20,209	4.3

ISSN: 1756-3305