Skip to main content
Figure 4 | Parasites & Vectors

Figure 4

From: Ixodes scapularis saliva mitigates inflammatory cytokine secretion during Anaplasma phagocytophilum stimulation of immune cells

Figure 4

I. scapularis saliva decreases IL-8 secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PBMCs (9×105) were purified and plated for 2 hours. Cells were incubated with tick saliva for 30 minutes followed by 4 hours of stimulation with 100 ng/ml TNF-α. The secretion of IL-8 (CXCL8) was measured by ELISA. Responses were measured in triplicate and presented as mean ± SEM within the representative experiment. *P < .05, Student’s t test. (−) non-stimulated cells. NS – not significant.

Back to article page