Table 4 Summary of WHO recommended control strategies and their status in Ethiopia, 2012
Disease | National Target | WHO recommended control strategy | Status in Ethiopia |
|---|---|---|---|
Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) (Hookworm, Ascariasis and Trichuriasis) | To reduce morbidity due to STH to a level where it is no longer of public health significance. | Annual mass treatment of school age children and whole communities in high-prevalence areas | Deworming 2–5 year old children every six months nationwide |
Schistosomiasis | To reduce morbidity due to schistosomiasis to a level where it is no longer of public health significance. | Annual mass treatment of school age children and whole communities in high-prevalence areas | No active control program case management and MDA in few places |
Lymphatic filariasis | To eliminate LF as a public health problem by 2020 | Annual MDA to treat the entire population for a (currently undefined) period, to interrupt transmission | Annual MDA in identified endemic areas since 2009 |
Onchocerciasis | To eliminate onchocerciasis as a public health problem by 2015 | Vector control through spraying of larvicides and annual CDTI | CDTI since 2000 |
Podoconiosis | To control podoconiosis in Ethiopia | Under development; includes community-based treatment of cases consisting of foot hygiene, use of shoes, wound care, etc. | Community-based treatment of cases consisting of foot hygiene, use of shoes, wound care in few endemic places |
Trachoma | To eliminate blinding trachoma through SAFE strategy by 2020 | Surgery, antibiotic therapy, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement (SAFE) strategy | Surgery, antibiotic therapy, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement (SAFE) strategy |
Human African trypanosomiasis | Cases were not reported since 1984 | Case detection and treatment. Vector control through spraying, traps and targets | None |
Leprosy | Eliminated from Ethiopia | Multidrug therapy | Multidrug therapy, reduce disability, early case detection |
Leishmaniasis | To control leishmaniasis in Ethiopia | Case detection and treatment and personal protection through use of mosquito nets | Case management in endemic areas |
Dracunculiasis | Eradication of Guinea worm in Ethiopia with certification by the international commission by 2015 | Active case detection and containment, provision of water supply, abate application and use of cloth and pipe filters | Active case detection and containment, provision of safe water supply, abate application and use of cloth and pipe filters |
Buruli ulcer | No target | Case detection, treatment and surgery | Case management |
Echinococcosis | No target | Case detection and treatment, regular deworming of dogs, providing health information and inspecting meat. | Case management |
Rabies | No target | Controlling rabies in both wild and domestic animals; providing pre-exposure immunization to humans at occupational risk of contracting the disease; and on delivering post-exposure prophylaxis to potentially exposed patients | Post-exposure prophylaxis to potentially exposed patients. |
Fascioliasis | No target | Preventive chemotherapy and case detection and treatment | Case management |