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Table 1 Brackish water breeding mosquitoes in Jaffna district

From: Salinity-tolerant larvae of mosquito vectors in the tropical coast of Jaffna, Sri Lanka and the effect of salinity on the toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis to Aedes aegypti larvae

Species

Transmitted diseases/medical significance

Location of larval collection

Period of larval collection

Nature of habitat (numbers of sites with larvae)

Average larval number per site in 350ml/ dip

Salinity range of brackishwater habitats withlarvae (ppt)

Aedes aegypti

Dengue, Chikungunya

Kurunagar

2011Sep – 2012 May

Used well (27)

6

2-9

  

Kurunagar

2011 Sep

Barrel (1)

35

10

Aedes albopictus

Dengue, Chikungunya

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Tube near brackishwater mangrovemarsh (1)

10

4

  

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Battery box in brackishwater mangrovemarsh (1)

8

4

Anopheles subpictus

Malaria

Delft

2012Feb-April

Pond (2)

14

2-6

Nainativu

2012 April

Used well (20)

17

4-39

Passaiyoor

2011 Aug

Disused boats (2)

4

15-18

Kurunagar

2011 Sep

Used well (3)

7

2-6

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Pit in brackish water mangrove marsh (2)

11

10-12

Pannai bridge

2012 May

Brackish water mangrove marsh (1)

3

10

Anopheles barbirostris

Malaria

Delft

2012 April

Used well (3)

4

5-6

 

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Pit near brackish water mangrove marsh (1)

2

4

  

Nainativu

2012 April

Used well (1)

3

15

Anopheles varuna

Malaria

Delft

2012 Jan-April

Used well (11)

4

2-4

Anopheles culicifacies

Malaria

Delft

2012 Jan-April

Used well (3)

3

2-4

  

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Brackish water mangrove marsh (1)

2

4

Culex sitiens

Japanese encephalitis, Ross River fever and filariasis

Kurunagar

2011 Sep-

Disused boats (1)

35

20

Kurunagar

2011 Sep-2012 Jan

Used wells (2)

28

2-6

Nainativu

2011Aug - 2012 May

Used wells (18)

24

2-39

Sarasalai

2012 Jan

Pit near brackish water mangrove marsh (1)

6

12

Delft

2012 March

Pond (5)

9

4-6

Pannai bridge

2012 May

Brackish water mangrove marsh (1)

5

68

Lutzia fuscanus

Not a vector but feeds on larvae of mosquito vectors

Nainativu

2011 Oct

Used well (1)

5

10