From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the Mexican population
Diagnostic test | Fundament | Sensitivity | Specificity | Timeline | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Skin test antigen (STA | Type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction against the T.gondii antigen. | 80% | 70% | 1950-1951 | |
Sabin and Feldman Dye Test (SF). | The gold standard. A dye test in which the serum antibodies alter the staining pattern of the T. gondii tachyzoites. | 96% | 98% | 1955-2005 | |
Complement Fixation Test (CF). | Antigen-antibody complexes are formed and detected by using a standard system with hemolisin and complement | 97.1% | 64.5% | 1954-1982 | [53] |
Látex Flocculation Test (LF). | This test uses latex particles for antigen-antibody flocculation. | No reported. | 1974 | [35] | |
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFI). | Tachyzoites are fixed on a slide and exposed to test serum, then washed and exposed to a standard antibody labeled with fluorescent dye. | 95% | 96% | 1986 to date | |
Indirect Haemagglutination Test (IHA). | This test uses sheep red cells exposed to tannic acid and then to the soluble antigen fixed at 37 °C. | 95% | 96% | 1972 to 1989 | |
Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). | The ELISA detects T. gondii immunoglobulin IgG e IgM in serum and other body fluids with antibodies marked with peroxidase and fosfatase enzymes | 100% | 98.4% | 1995 to date |