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Table 2 Worm expulsion rates, worm burden reductions and corresponding combination index values obtained following treatment of mice harboring adult T. muris with combinations of standard anthelmintics

From: Effect of combinations of marketed human anthelmintic drugs against Trichuris muris in vitro and in vivo

Group

Dose (mg/kg)

Mean number of worms (SD)

Mean number of expelled worms (SD)

Worm expulsion rate (%)

Worm burden reduction (%)

P-value

Combination index at ED50

Control 1

–

93.25 (9.46)

0.75 (0.96)

0.8

–

–

–

Control 2

–

123.25 (35.07)

0.25 (0.50)

0.2

–

–

–

Control 3

–

91.25 (23.73)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

Control 4

–

78.33 (20.79)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

Control 5

–

85.71 (21.75)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

Control 6

–

82.57 (30.59)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

Control 7

–

94.4 (39.21)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

Control 8

–

56.50 (22.07)

0 (0)

0

–

–

–

ABZ-MBZ

345+793

77.50 (63.07)

60.50 (55.87)

78.06

81.37

<0.001a

0.23

172.5+39.54

73.25 (102.66)

62.75 (91.34)

85.67

86.60

86.25+19.757

95.0 (5.66)

63.0 (1.41)

66.32

66.10

43.125+ 9.8758

77.75 (33.54)

47.75 (22.34)

61.41

46.90

ABZ-LEV

345+465

117.50 (112.86)

107.0 (112.75)

91.06

87.75

0.001a

0.93

172.5+237

89.25 (42.0)

46.50 (35.61)

52.10

54.71

ABZ-PYR

345+3004

63.5 (41.30)

19.75 (11.76)

31.10

44.15

0.229b

–

ABZ-IVM

345+42

136.50 (14.98)

109.50 (15.76)

80.22

78.05

0.003a

0.81

172.5+27

80.50 (17.06)

41.50 (9.26)

51.55

58.69

MBZ-LEV

79+461

86.0 (53.20)

82.75 (48.11)

96.22

96.49

<0.001a

0.17

39.5+232

82.0 (17.87)

74.5 (21.32)

90.85

93.90

19.75+12.53

96.25 (37.25)

81.25 (39.10)

84.42

83.56

9.875+6.254

61.25 (33.98)

50.50 (37.36)

82.45

86.28

4.94+3.1257

125.50 (71.01)

48.75 (37.55)

38.84

18.70

MBZ-PYR

79+3004

41.25 (24.65)

38.75 (24.92)

93.94

96.81

0.049a

N.D.

39.5+1508

161.75 (98.22)

113.75 (77.82)

70.32

15.04

MBZ-IVM

79+42

92.50 (26.71)

92.50 (26.71)

100

100

<0.001a

0.16

39.5+22

70.33 (32.04)

68.0 (32.19)

96.68

98.10

19.75+13

46.25 (18.23)

36.75 (11.53)

79.46

89.59

9.875+0.54

54.0 (44.74)

41.50 (36.74)

76.85

84.04

4.94+0.257

101.0 (57.30)

73.0 (34.70)

72.28

70.34

2.47+0.1258

70.33 (26.86)

16.67 (22.85)

23.70

5.01

LEV-PYR

46+3006

46.25 (18.84)

29.50 (19.28)

63.78

79.71

0.057a

N.D.

23+1508

87.75 (57.34)

10.50 (10.88)

11.97

0

LEV-IVM

46+44

66.25 (42.84)

59.0 (42.78)

89.06

90.74

0.009a

1.38

23+28

60.0 (24.51)

14.50 (13.80)

24.17

19.47

PYR-IVM

300+44

52.25 (36.04)

46.75 (32.71)

89.47

92.98

0.032a

N.D.

 

150+28

122.50 (112.38)

32.75 (17.39)

26.73

0

  
  1. Numbers in superscript refer to the corresponding control group. aP-values were obtained from the Kruskal-Wallis test (several treatment doses vs. controls), bP-values were obtained from the Mann–Whitney U test (one treatment dose vs. controls). The CI at ED50 are based on worm burden reductions. N.D. = not determined. ABZ: albendazole; MBZ: mebendazole; LEV: levamisole; PYR: pyrantel pamoate; IVM: ivermectin.
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