Physico-chemical and biological characterization of anopheline mosquito larval habitats (Diptera: Culicidae): implications for malaria control

Table 1 Input variables used for habitat preference analysis with their mean, standard deviation (SD) and minimum and maximum values (range)

Variables	Unit	Mean	SD	Range
Altitude	Meter above sea level	1725	35	1655–1800
Area	Hectare	0.65	0.9	0–7.8
Water depth	Meter	0.37	0.2	0–1.42
Canopy cover	%	6	15	0–100
Air temperature	°C	27	3	19–39
Water temperature	°C	24	3	16–34
pH	-	7	0.6	5.4–10
Dissolved oxygen	mg/l	4.7	2	0.47–10
Conductivity	μS/cm	112	55	21–513
Total dissolved solid	mg/l	106	77	15–425
Turbidity	NTU	160	218	4–894
Alkalinity	mg/l	58	33	0–250
Hardness	mg/l	37	23	0–160
Nitrate	mg/l	0.4	0.48	0–2.3
Ortho-phosphate	mg/l	0.12	0.2	0–1.4
Permanency	Temporary(1), semi-permanent(2), Permanent(3)	N/A	N/A	N/A
Emergent plant cover	Very low to very high	2	1.6	0–4
Emergent plant cover	5 class (0–4)	2	1.6	0–4
Submerged plant	Very low to very high	0	0.5	0–4
Submerged plant	5 class (0–4)	0	0.5	0–4
Floating plant	Very low to very high	0	0.5	0–4
Floating plant	5 class (0–4)	0	0.5	0–4
Habitat type	9 types (see Table 2)	N/A	N/A	N/A
Substrate type	Silt(1), sandy(2), gravel(3), artificial substrate(4)	N/A	N/A	N/A
Land-use	9 types (See Figure 3)	N/A	N/A	N/A
Fish	Absence(0), presence(1)	N/A	N/A	N/A
Invertebrate predators	Abundance	28	42	0–232
Competitors	Abundance	2.7	4	0–23

ISSN: 1756-3305