Table 3 Effect of combination larval diets on life parameters of Anopheles stephensi

Variable

Food (code)

2

3

4

5

6

Larval duration (days)

Bean + corn + chickpea + liver (BCPL)

11.0 ± 0.4 a

10.7 ± 0.5 a

8.5 ± 0.3 b

8.0 ± 0 bc

7.7 ± 0.2 bc

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

10.7 ± 0.5 a

8.5 ± 0.3 b

8.2 ± 0.2 bc

7.0 ± 0 c

7.0 ± 0 c

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

10.7 ± 0.5 a

8.2 ± bc

7.0 ± 0 c

7.0 ± 0 c

7.2 ± bc

Time L1 to adult (days)

Bean + corn + chickpea + liver (BCPL)

12.5 ± 0.3 a

12.5 ± 0.3 a

10.5 ±0.3 b

10.0 ± 0.2bc

9.7 ± 0.2 bc

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

12.5 ± 0.3 a

10.5 ± 0.3 b

10.2 ± 0.2 bc

9.0 ±0.3 bc

9.5 ± 0.3 bc

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

12.5 ± 0.3 a

10.2 ± 0.2bc

9.5 ± 0.3 bc

9.5 ± 0 c

9.25 ± 0.2bc

Survival of L1 to pupa (%)

Bean + corn + chickpea + liver (BCPL)

75.8 ± 1.6 c

76.6 ± 1.4 c

78.3 ± 2.1 c

88.3 ± 2.1 a

79.1 ± 1.6 bc

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

76.6 ± 1.4 c

78.3 ± 2.1 c

79.1 ± 2.1 bc

87.5 ± 1.6 a

87.5 ± 1.6 ab

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

76.6 ± 1.4 c

79.1 ± 2.1 bc

89.1 ± 1.6 a

89.1 ± 1.6 ab

88.3 ± 1.4 a

Survival of L1 to adult (%)

Bean + corn + chickpea + liver (BCPL)

73.3 ± 2.3 c

74.1 ± 2.1 c

75.0 ± 2.1 c

87.4 ± 2.5 a

75.0 ± 2.1 c

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

74.1 ± 2.1 c

75.0 ± 2.1 c

75.8 ± 1.6 bc

86.3 ± 2.1 a

86.6 ± 1.4 a

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

74.1 ± 2.1 c

75.8 ± 1.6 bc

88.3 ± 2.1 a

88.1 ± 1.4 a

85.8 ± 1.6 ab

Fecundity (Eggs/female)

Bean + corn + chickpea + liver (BCPL)

101.8 ± 1.5ab

111.3 ± 8.9 ab

115.3 ± 10.5 ab

134.9 ± 3.9 a

117.5 ± 8.7 ab

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

114.6 ± 6.9 ab

103.9 ± 5.3 ab

104.1 ± 5.1 ab

108.0 ± 6.7 ab

129.7 ± 0.2 ab

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

92.5 ± 6.3 b

100.7 ± 1. 8 ab

113.8 ± 9.4 ab

125.4 ± 12.7 ab

105.7 ± 14.7 ab

Male Size (mm)

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea (BCWP)

2.98 ± 0.13 bcd

2.80 ± 0.11d

3.28 ± 0.14 abc

3.26 ± 0.18 abc

3.32 ± 0.2 abc

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + liver (BCWPL)

2.94 ± 0.15 cd

3.10 ± 0.15 abcd

3.50 ± 0.12 a

3.26 ± 0.18 abc

3.38 ± 0.10ab

Bean + corn + wheat + chickpea + rice + liver (BCWPRL)

3.14 ± 0.08 abcd

3.26 ± 0.05 abc

3.42 ± 0.20 a

3.50 ± 0.17 a

3.42 ± 0.20 a