Suggested use3 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Activities | Target environments | Products and equipment | Prevention | Outbreak control |
Targeting the mosquito larvae 1 | ||||
Environmental management and source reduction | artificial wetlands, hunting farms, lagoons, recreational, rice fields, irrigation canals, urban environments | Ground equipment, excavators, mowers, pumps | +++ | Part of IVM programme |
Chemical | Breeding sites as specified in the insecticide label | According to WHO guidelines and EU regulations: | ++ | Part of IVM programme |
S-Methoprene, Diflubenzuron, Pyriproxyfen, Triflumuron | ||||
Biological | artificial wetlands, lagoons, rice fields, irrigation canals, urban environments | Gambusia (where allowed), native fish species, Macrocyclops | ++ | Part of IVM programme |
Microbial and others | wetlands, lagoons, rice fields, irrigation canals, urban environments | According to WHO guidelines and EU regulations | ++ | Part of IVM programme |
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Spinosad | ||||
Community participation | inhabited areas | Insecticide formulations for domestic use | + | Part of IVM programme |
Targeting the adult mosquitoes 2 | ||||
Aerial adulticide treatments | Outbreak area | Aerial ULV | Not allowed | Not allowed (specific exemption in extraordinary cases only) |
Ground adulticide treatments (ULV or LV) | Outdoors, outbreak area | According to WHO guidelines and EU regulations | Not suggested | ++ |
Mass trapping | domestic use in inhabited areas | attractive traps selective for mosquito | - | - |
Personal protection measures | any environment during mosquito activity peak in case of West Nile virus risk | mosquito screen over windows, space or topical repellents, protective clothes | +++ | +++ |