Wolbachia strain w AlbB confers both fitness costs and benefit on Anopheles stephensi

Parasites & Vectors

Table 1 Life history attributes of w AlbB Wolbachia- infected and uninfected An. stephensi

Attributes	LIS	LB1	P-value
Survivorship from L1 to pupa, %	89.00 ± 3.21	89.33 ± 4.04	1
Pupation time, hr	205.05 ± 3.03	194.75 ± 11.78	0.2164
Survivorship from L1 to adult, %	80.67 ± 5.86	82.67 ± 4.16	0.655
Female ratio, %	55.34 ± 3.25	50.56 ± 11.64	0.7229
Male emergence time, hr	238.04 ± 5.79	227.68 ± 8.9	0.1485
Female emergence time, hr	244.68 ± 0.76	238.07 ± 7.56	0.2075

An assumption of a 1:1 sex ratio was made when larvae were placed into rearing pans. Immature data are based on three replicates. For pupation time, pupa emerging within 5 consecutive days were used for analysis. During this time, pupal emergence in each rearing pan was >85%. Very few of the larvae, which were still at 3^rd or 4^th instar at this time, were considered slow-growing and excluded from analysis. Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of survivorship and sex ratio, and Student’s t-test was used for comparisons of development time.

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