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Table 3 Risk factors for the presence of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Majorca: Multivariate logistic regression model

From: Factors influencing the presence of sand flies in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) with special reference to Phlebotomus pernicious, vector of Leishmania infantum

 

Odds ratio (I.C. 95 %)

p - Value

Altitude (m.a.s.l.)

 

0.019

0-50

Ref.

 

51-150

8.653 (1.514 – 49.441)

0.015

>150

0.805 (0.131 – 4.964)

0.816

Settlement

  

Within settlement

Ref.

 

Edge of/between settlement

8.080 (1.737 – 37.596)

0.008

Aspect

 

0.03

Other (all orientations except south-east and west facing)

Ref.

 

South-east-facing

34.975 (1.817 – 673.425)

0.018

West-facing

0.457 (0.116 – 1.798)

0.263

Drainage hole construction

  

Plastic pipe

Ref.

 

Other (unlined, cement pipe)

3.451 (1.002 – 11.880)

0.050

Adjacent flora

 

0.001

Aleppo pine and evergreen oaks

Ref.

 

Garrigue shrubs

38.051 (4.900 – 295.469)

0.001

None

1.308 (0.323 – 5.307)

0.707

Sheep farm near

  

No

Ref.

 

Yes

19.989 (3.557 – 112.322)

0.001

  1. Dependent variable presence/absence of P. perniciosus. Ref. Reference category. C. I. = Confidence interval. R2 = 0.571.