Treatment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Time (Weeks) | Control | Bti | Spinosad | Temephos |
Pre-treatment | ||||
-5 | 0.0 ± 0.0a | 4.8 ± 2.3a | 2.5 ± 2.2a | 2.3 ± 2.3a |
-4 | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 2.3 ± 1.9ab | 5.0 ± 4.4a |
-3 | 9.5 ± 8.2a | 18.0 ± 12.8a | 12.3 ± 10.0a | 15.8 ± 15.1a |
-2 | 1.3 ± 0.8a | 11.3 ± 6.0a | 4.0 ± 1.7a | 1.0 ± 1.0a |
-1 | 8.0 ± 5.7a | 19.8 ± 5.1a | 25.3 ± 14.9a | 31.8 ± 22.2a |
Post-treatment | ||||
1 | 1.3 ± 0.8a | 5.5 ± 5.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0a | 0.0 ± 0.0a |
2 | 0.8 ± 0.8b | 9.8 ± 5.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
3 | 2.5 ± 2.5b | 13.0 ± 5.6a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
4 | 3.3 ± 3.3ab | 9.3 ± 6.6a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
5 | 4.8 ± 4.1a | 1.5 ± 0.6ab | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
6 | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 4.0 ± 1.8a | 4.5 ± 4.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
7 | 1.5 ± 1.5a | 0.8 ± 0.8a | 1.5 ± 1.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0a |
8 | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 4.0 ± 1.4a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
9 | 1.5 ± 1.2a | 1.5 ± 1.0a | 0.0 ± 0.0a | 0.0 ± 0.0a |
10 | 7.5 ± 5.7a | 7.5 ± 5.2a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 2.3 ± 2.3a |
11 | 2.5 ± 1.0a | 4.0 ± 3.4a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 11.5 ± 9.3a |
12 | 5.5 ± 4.6a | 0.3 ± 0.3b | 0.3 ± 0.3b | 0.0 ± 0.0b |
13 | 11.8 ± 7.9a | 27.3 ± 7.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 21.5 ± 20.2a |
14 | 7.5 ± 5.7a | 6.8 ± 4.2a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 0.8 ± 0.8b |
15 | 11.8 ± 3.9a | 10.3 ± 2.5a | 0.0 ± 0.0b | 8.0 ± 3.4a |
20 | 20.5 ± 3.5a | 26.5 ± 19.3a | 2.0 ± 2.0b | 16.3 ± 4.5a |