Table 1 Key examples of studies that evaluated the frequency (%) of soil contamination of public areas by roundworm, hookworm and whipworm eggs in different continents
Geographical area | Site | Frequency (%) | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roundworms | Hookworms | Whipworms | |||
Africa | |||||
Niger | Kaduna | 9.0 | [63] | ||
Americas | |||||
USA | Connecticut | 14.4 | [64] | ||
Argentina | Buenos Aires | 13.2 | [65] | ||
Buenos Aires | 1.7 | 20.5 | 2.6 | [66] | |
Brazil | Fernandopolis | 79.4 | 6.9 | [67] | |
Itabuna | 47.9 | [68] | |||
São Paulo | 29.7 | [69] | |||
Guarulhos, São Paulo | 68.1 | 64.8 | [70] | ||
Chile | Santiago | 66.7 | [71] | ||
Venezuela | Ciudad Bolívar | 61.1 | [72] | ||
Asia | |||||
Japan | Tokushima | 63.3 | [73] | ||
Thailand | Bangkok | 5.7 | [74] | ||
Turkey | Ankara | 45.0 | [75] | ||
Europe | |||||
Ireland | Dublin | 15.0 | [76] | ||
Spain | Madrid | 16.4 | 3.0 | [77] | |
Italy | Marche region | 33.6 | [78] | ||
Milan | 7.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | [79] | |
Bari | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2.5 | [80] | |
Naples | 0.7-1.4 | 2.4 | 10.1 | [81] | |
Messina | 3.6 | 2.6 | 1.3 | [82] | |
Alghero | 0.5-8.0 | 4.0 | 1.9 | [83] | |
Poland | Wrocław | 3.2 | 4.9 | 4.9 | [84] |
Warsaw | 26.1 | [85] | |||
Kraków | 15.6-19.8 | [86] | |||
Turkey | Erzurum | 64.3 | [87] | ||
Czech Republic | Prague | 20.4 | [88] | ||
Hungary | Eastern and northern areas | 24.3-30.1 | 8.1-13.1 | 20.4-23.3 | [89] |
Slovak Republic | Bratislava | 18.7 | [90] | ||