Table 3 The toxicity of cypermethrin, permethrin, etofenprox, deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl against Ae. aegypti adults collected from seven locations in Singapore

Cypermethrin

Bora-Bora

300

9.99 (9.66 – 10.30)

17.66 (16.64 – 19.03)

9.40 ± 0.60

1.27 (2)

–

Ang Mo Kio

275

169.31 (138.13 – 238.08 )

1297.44 (661.27 – 5187.65)

2.63 ± 0.15

6.03 (6)

16.94

Jurong East

297

137.04 (127.08 – 149.20)

1881.81 (1400.88 – 2703.23)

2.04 ± 0.10

1.04 (6)

13.71

Yishun

249

61.09 (55.94 – 66.32)

381.45 (310.43 – 496.22)

2.92 ± 0.12

1.59 (6)

6.11

Choa Chu Kang

185

58.80 (51.15 – 66.56)

319.60 (242.12 – 479.45)

3.16 ± 0.15

2.99 (6)

5.88

Clementi

230

114.64 (108.23 – 121.93)

761.42 (623.20 – 971.87)

2.82 ± 0.14

0.92 (6)

11.47

Pasir Ris

233

140.9 (113.14 – 201.01)

1099.35 (540.50 – 5522.01)

2.60 ± 0.15

7.79 (6)

14.10

Woodlands

241

37.58 (21.64 – 52.86)

513.49 (255.84 – 2632.36)

2.04 ± 0.09

13.78 (6)

3.76

Permethrin

Bora-Bora

303

3.84 (3.27 – 4.37)

13.84 (10.96 – 19.96)

4.18 ± 0.18

4.04 (4)

–

Ang Mo Kio

242

249.77 (193.03 – 375.99)

6551.79 (2650.48 – 30725.79)

1.64 ± 0.12

1.94 (6)

64.96

Jurong East

241

119.87 (111.36 – 130.04)

1458.47 (1096.47 – 2076.75)

2.14 ± 0.11

1.18 (6)

31.18

Yishun

247

153.13 (133.12 – 183.35)

2313.47 (1361.99 – 5009.64)

1.97 ± 0.12

1.59 (6)

39.83

Choa Chu Kang

240

131.55 (122.16 – 142.96)

1395.70 (1055.13 – 1975.95)

2.26 ± 0.12

0.79 (6)

34.21

Clementi

243

106.06 (91.27 – 126.51)

1251.56 (737.93 – 2900.56)

2.17 ± 0.11

3.21 (6)

27.58

Pasir Ris

230

204.79 (181.02 – 238.92)

3327.21 (2136.27 – 5968.84)

1.92 ± 0.13

1.42 (6)

53.26

Woodlands

224

109.01 (95.15 – 127.79)

1110.18 (690.86 – 2308.16)

2.30 ± 0.12

2.65 (6)

28.35

Etofenprox

Bora-Bora

241

7.52 (6.89 – 8.15)

13.76 (11.89 – 17.64)

8.86 ± 0.43

4.36 (4)

–

Ang Mo Kio

249

568.82 (314.24 – 2713.07)

17186.39 (3294.48 – 1596318.73)

1.57 ± 0.16

3.21 (6)

75.64

Jurong East

268

506.69 (380.34 – 761.06)

25359.74 (10505.36 – 90910.53)

1.36 ± 0.12

1.08 (6)

67.38

Yishun

257

221.21 (156.39 – 501.05)

3211.54 (1024.06 – 75816.37)

2.00 ± 0.14

7.55 (6)

29.42

Choa Chu Kang

248

313.21 (231.34 – 537.29)

5049.65 (1986.78 – 29308.23)

1.93 ± 0.16

2.28 (6)

41.65

Clementi

246

186.09 (150.86 – 260.53)

2094.00 (1017.04 – 7932.77)

2.21 ± 0.14

3.51 (6)

24.75

Pasir Ris

247

405.35 (244.78 – 1471.48)

10869.58 (2396.43 – 666897.06)

1.62 ± 0.15

4.21 (6)

53.9

Woodlands

238

380.72 (252.61 – 896.18)

8489.59 (2476.39 – 128146.80)

1.72 ± 0.16

2.79 (6)

50.63

Deltamethrin

Bora-bora

299

9.51 (8.34 – 10.86)

17.15 (13.77 – 31.96)

9.08 ± 0.49

11.34(4)

–

Ang Mo Kio

248

NO KD

NO KD

–

Jurong East

245

651.42 (442.97 – 1287.83)

8016.95 (3151.01 – 42766.59)

2.13 ± 0.31

0.54 (6)

68.48

Yishun

249

NO KD

NO KD

–

Choa Chu Kang

250

418.72 (295.23 – 821.19)

4908.35 (1900.67 – 32536.18)

2.17 ± 0.22

1.71 (6)

44.02

Clementi

249

1351.43 (643.69 – 8844.53)

23809.23 (4765.74 – 1458944.60)

1.86 ± 0.41

0.69 (6)

142.06

Pasir Ris

237

1301.18 (610.24 – 10278.39)

20376.87 (4004.39 – 1810855.45)

1.94 ± 0.46

0.38 (6)

136.78

Woodlands

NA

NA

–

Pirimiphos-

Bora-bora

304

107.10 (91.61 – 156.36)

284.96 (182.61 – 880.49)

5.47 ± 0.47

4.71 (8)

–

methyl

Ang Mo Kio

270

128.21 (124.83 – 131.69)

273.99 (255.06 – 298.55)

7.05 ± 0.34

0.79 (6)

1.19

Jurong East

267

107.99 (100.68 – 115.38)

235.36 (205.10 – 287.59)

6.87 ± 0.29

3.71 (6)

1.01

Yishun

271

145.10 (140.58 – 150.12)

358.06 (323.54 – 405.62)

5.93 ± 0.32

0.50 (6)

1.35

Choa Chu Kang

257

156.20 (129.37 – 219.52)

638.08 (366.42 – 2780.33)

3.80 ± 0.21

10.82(6)

1.46

Clementi

250

161.30 (138.33 – 202.96)

872.08 (531.85 – 2165.77)

3.17 ± 0.18

4.44 (6)

1.51

Pasir Ris

254

152.90 (145.93 – 161.28)

304.43 (264.53 – 376.96)

7.77 ± 0.48

1.95 (6)

1.43

Woodlands

246

133.39 (120.85 – 150.10)

519.20 (385.57 – 826.07)

3.94 ± 0.20

3.29 (6)

1.26