Delineation of Culicoides species by morphology and barcode exemplified by three new species of the subgenus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Scandinavia

Table 6 The number of mandibular and maxillary teeth (average ± standard deviation) and the ratio M/M of mandibular vs. maxillary teeth

Species	N ₁	N ₂	Mandibular teeth	N2	Maxillary teeth	Ratio M/M	Fronto-vertex/ocellus
*C. pulicaris*	10	18	16.7 ± 1.2^C	17	19.5 ± 1.1^C	1.17 ± 0.08^A	1.2 ± 0.3 ^AC
*C. punctatus*	10	20	15.7 ± 1.2 ^B	18	19.6 ± 1.0^C	1.26 ± 0.14 ^B	0.9 ± 0.5 ^C
*C. boyi*	11	21	15.1 ± 1.2 ^B	19	17.1 ± 1.4 ^E	1.13 ± 0.10 ^A	1.5 ± 0.2 ^BDF
*C. deltus*	5	10	15.8 ± 0.6 ^CB	7	18.1 ± 1.5 ^B	1.15 ± 0.08 ^A	1.7 ± 0.4^BD
*C. newsteadi*	5	10	13.4 ± 1.4 ^A	8	15.9 ± 1.5 ^A	1.18 ± 0.20 ^AC	0.3 ± 0.3 ^E
*C. selandicus*	4	7	15.0 ± 1.0 ^B	8	19.6 ± 1.5 ^C	1.31 ± 0.12 ^BC	1.5 ± 0.8^AD
*C. impunctatus*	6	11	13.7 ± 1.0 ^A	9	15.0 ± 0.9 ^A	1.12 ± 0.10 ^A	1.9 ± 0.3^B
*C. grisescens*	5	10	15.2 ± 1.2 ^B	10	22.0 ± 0.7 ^D	1.46 ± 0.13^C	0 ± 0.0^E
*C. kalix*	5	10	12.80 ± 0.6 ^A	10	14.9 ± 1.5^A	1.17 ± 0.12 ^A	1.2 ± 0.3^ACF

The ratio of fronto-vertex divided by ocellus. N₁ = number of specimens; N₂ = number counted. Means with the same letters are not significant different.