Table 3 Contact toxicity of four flavonoids, eight fatty acids, four fatty acid esters, and two larvicides to third instar Culex pipiens pallens larvae during a 24 h exposure

Karanjin (1)^b

14.61 (12.11–17.81)

2.2 ± 0.30

1.41

0.999

Oleic acid (3)^b

18.07 (15.55–20.52)

3.2 ± 0.41

1.80

0.997

Karanjachromene (2)^b

18.74 (16.25–21.18)

3.3 ± 0.42

1.74

0.997

Linoleic acid

20.15 (17.13–24.44)

2.2 ± 0.29

1.17

0.999

Linolenic acid

21.34 (18.21–25.87)

2.3 ± 0.30

1.42

0.999

Pongamol (5)^b

23.95 (20.68–27.34)

2.6 ± 0.33

1.26

0.999

Pongarotene (6)^b

25.52 (22.14–29.16)

2.6 ± 0.34

1.54

0.999

Elaidic acid

28.22 (25.55–31.09)

3.9 ± 0.42

7.38

0.881

Palmitic acid (4)^b

34.50 (36.36–40.72)

3.6 ± 0.48

2.55

0.999

Arachidic acid

54.91 (50.05–60.31)

3.9 ± 0.45

13.1

0.439

Behenic acid

68.76 (64.54–73.28)

6.5 ± 0.84

7.42

0.685

Stearic acid

>200

Methyl oleate

>200

Ethyl oleate

>200

Methyl linoleate

>200

Ethyl linoleate

>200

Temephos

0.013 (0.010–0.016)

2.0 ± 0.30

2.40

0.935

Fenthion

0.027 (0.023–0.031)

3.5 ± 0.44

2.81

0.902