A meta-analysis of the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in animals and humans in Ethiopia

Parasites & Vectors

Table 2 Pooled estimates of T. gondii in food animals by potential risk factors

Risk factors		p (95 % CI)	Z-p	Q/df	Q-p	I²	X ²	Y-p	OR (95 % CI)
All animals	Overall	35.50 (25.96,46.36)	0.009	56.97	0.000	98.2
	Ruminant	32.54 (22.51,44.47)	0.005	32.41	0.000	98.1	0.01	0.933	1.01 (0.87,1.16)
	Non-ruminant	32.34 (28.88,35.99)	0.000	1.5	0.223	33.4
Small Ruminants	Overall	34.59 (21.08, 51.12)	0.067	88.69	0.000	98.9
	Sheep	33.51 (26.06, 41.90)	0.000	10.71	0.000	90.7	10.24	0.001	1.25 (1.09,1.43)
	Goat	28.80 (11.17, 56.54)	0.129	100.39	0.000	99
	Female	29.38 (23.06, 36.63)	0.000	9.73	0.000	89.7	23.95	0.000	1.70 (1.37,2.12)
	Male	19.67 (10.80, 33.09)	0.000	11.48	0.000	91.3
	Adult	34.30 (24.96, 45.07)	0.005	18.79	0.000	94.7	100.50	0.000	3.06 (2.43,3.86)
	Young	14.62 (10.93, 19.26)	0.000	2.35	0.070	57.4
	Midland ^a	53.32 (36.12, 69.76)	0.710	16.09	0.000	93.8	45.43	0.000	2.27 (1.78,2.91)
	Highland	33.45. (29.78, 37.36)	0.000	0.28	0.597	0
	Lowland	14.99 (8.0, 26.39)	0.000			.

I², inverse variance index; OR, odds ratio; Q, Cochran’s X ²; Y-p, probability of Yates test; Z-p, probability of Z test
^aThe comparison was between midland and highland estimates

ISSN: 1756-3305