Table 1 Pupil, household, and school WASH characteristics overall and stratified by county, Kenya, January-April 2012
Overall (n = 4,931) | Coast (n = 1,305) | Rift Valley (n = 723) | Western (n = 1,526) | Nyanza (n = 1,377) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) or mean (SD) | N (%) or mean (SD) | N (%) or mean (SD) | N (%) or mean (SD) | N (%) or mean (SD) | |
STH infection | |||||
Any STH infection | 1,614 (32.7 %) | 304 (23.3 %) | 263 (36.4 %) | 631 (41.4 %) | 416 (30.2 %) |
Hookworm prevalence | 824 (16.7 %) | 240 (18.4 %) | 16 (2.2 %) | 374 (24.5 %) | 194 (14.1 %) |
Hookworm infection intensity¶ | 153.3 | 93.5 | 111.1 | 360.6 | 55.8 |
A. lumbricoides prevalence | 880 (17.9 %) | 14 (1.1 %) | 232 (32.1 %) | 381 (25.0 %) | 253 (18.4 %) |
A. lumbricoides infection intensity¶ | 2754.5 | 144.1 | 4012.8 | 2972.6 | 2047.8 |
T. trichiura prevalence | 302 (6.1 %) | 90 (6.9 %) | 44 (6.1 %) | 132 (8.7 %) | 36 (2.6 %) |
T. trichiura infection intensity¶ | 94.4 | 45.2 | 127.6 | 184.7 | 35.1 |
Individual and household characteristics | |||||
Girl | 2,508 (50.9 %) | 683 (52.3 %) | 363 (50.9 %) | 771 (50.5 %) | 691 (50.2 %) |
Age | 10.8 (2.1) | 10.9 (2.1) | 10.8 (2.2) | 10.8 (2.1) | 10.7 (2.0) |
Number of people living pupil’s household | 6.9 (2.3) | 6.8 (2.4) | 7.2 (2.2) | 6.6 (2.2) | 7.2 (2.2) |
Shoe-wearing | 2,307 (46.9 %) | 687 (52.8 %) | 387 (53.7 %) | 571 (37.5 %) | 662 (48.2 %) |
Soil-eating behaviour | 838 (17.2 %) | 131 (10.1 %) | 71 (9.8 %) | 237 (15.5 %) | 399 (29.0 %) |
Improved water source | 2,692 (54.7 %) | 998 (76.7 %) | 187 (25.9 %) | 788 (51.7 %) | 719 (52.3 %) |
Toilet/latrine available | 4,123 (84.7 %) | 974 (75.0 %) | 647 (89.7 %) | 1,425 (93.7 %) | 1,077 (81.3 %) |
Hand-washing facility with soap and water always available | 1,373 (27.9 %) | 359 (27.6 %) | 209 (29.2 %) | 365 (24.0 %) | 440 (32.0 %) |
Tissue/water for anal cleansing always available | 2,259 (45.9 %) | 991 (76.1 %) | 340 (47.1 %) | 363 (23.8 %) | 565 (41.1 %) |
School characteristics | Overall (n = 70) | Coast (n = 19) | Rift Valley (n = 10) | Western (n = 21) | Nyanza (n = 20) |
Number of children in school | 605.3 (339.5) | 562.7 (456.2) | 474.9 (209.6) | 819.6 (262.3) | 485.8 (227.3) |
Improved water source | 54 (77.1 %) | 17 (89.5 %) | 9 (90.0 %) | 16 (76.2 %) | 12 (60.0 %) |
VIP latrine | 7 (10.0 %) | 4 (21.1 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 3 (15.0 %) |
Pupils per latrine | 47.1 (39.6) | 41.8 (29.1) | 54.0 (48.3) | 44.0 (22.8) | 51.9 (56.0) |
Hand-washing facility with soap and water always available§ | 2 (2.9 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 2 (10.0 %) |
Drinking water always available§ | 15 (21.4 %) | 2 (10.5 %) | 1 (10.0 %) | 8 (38.1 %) | 4 (20.0 %) |
Tissue/water for anal cleansing always available§ | 4 (5.7 %) | 4 (21.1 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) |
Latrine sanitation: cleanliness* | 0.001 (0.97) | 0.15 (0.59) | −0.82 (2.08) | −0.03 (0.61) | 0.31 (0.36) |
Latrine sanitation: structural integrity* | −0.04 (1.00) | 0.05 (0.93) | −0.59 (1.00) | 0.59 (0.95) | −0.51 (0.73) |