Fig. 5

The Antiviral Effect on Vero Cells Infected with CHIKV Evaluated by both RTCA and MTS Assays. a Measurement of cell impedance every 2 minutes by RTCA monitored the antiviral effect of the various concentrations of ribavirin on the proliferation, spreading and adhesion of cells. The black vertical line indicates the normalisation of the CI time point at 26 h subsequent to treatment of infected Vero cells with ribavirin. The red dash line indicates the onset of declined curved due to infectivity of CHIKV and antiviral activity on Vero cells. Coloured curves represent the Vero cells, viral infected Vero cells and treated viral infected Vero cells with different concentrations of ribavirin. Blue line: 50 μg/ml ribavirin; Pink line: 25 μg/ml ribavirin; Turquoise line: 12.5 μg/ml ribavirin; Purple line: 6.25 μg/ml ribavirin; Red line: positive control (CHIKV infection); Green line: negative control (without CHIKV infection). Each data point signifies the average ± standard deviation and was analysed in triplicate. b The curve shows the antiviral activity effects via MTS assays, which can only be obtained at 48 and 72 h prior to ribavirin treatment of CHIKV-infected Vero cells