Emergence of multi-acaricide resistant Rhipicephalus ticks and its implication on chemical tick control in Uganda

Table 2 Acaricide molecules registered in Uganda and report of their use by the farmers

	Brand names, total number and % freq.	Generic name	Dilution (acaricide (ml: water (liters))	Concentration (%)	Freq. of use by farmers in study area	% within class	Overall %	Year licensed by NDA
Classification	Brand names, total number and % freq.	Generic name	Dilution (acaricide (ml: water (liters))	Concentration (%)	Freq. of use by farmers in study area	% within class	Overall %	Year licensed by NDA
Amidine	A1	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	1	2.1	0.8	2000
	A2	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	8	16.7	6.2	2001
	A3	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	25	52.1	19.2	1998
	A4	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	11	22.9	8.5	1997
	A5	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	3	6.3	2.3	1997
	A6	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	0	0.0	0.0	1998
	A7	Amitraz	2:1	12.5	0	0.0	0.0	2007
Sub-total	7 (28.0)				48	100.0	36.9
Synthetic Pyrethroid	SP1	α-Cypermethrin	1:1	5.0	8	22.2	6.2	2002
Synthetic Pyrethroid	SP2	α-Cypermethrin	1:1	5.0	5	13.9	3.8	1998
	SP3	α-Cypermethrin	1:2	10.0	7	19.4	5.4	2009
	SP4	α-Cypermethrin	1:1	7.0	3	8.3	2.3	2011
	SP5	Cypermethrin	1:1	10.0	1	2.8	0.8	1998
	SP6	Cypermethrin	1:1	10.0	0	0.0	0.0	1998
	SP7	Cypermethrin	1:1	15.0	0	0.0	0.0	2007
	SP8	Cypermethrin	1:1	10.0	0	0.0	0.0	2005
	SP9^a	Deltamethrin	1:1	5.0	2	5.6	1.5	-
	SP10	Deltamethrin	1:1	5.0	4	11.1	3.1	2007
	SP11	Deltamethrin	1:1	5.0	0	0.0	0.0	-
	SP12^b	Flumethrin	-	-	0	0.0	0.0	1997
	SP13	Flumethrin	1:1	2.0	5	13.9	3.8	1997
	SP14	Flumethrin	1:1	2.0	0	0.0	0.0	2010
	SP15	Cyhalothrin	1:1	5.0	1	2.8	0.8	2013
Sub-total	15 (60.0)				36	100.0	27.7
Organophosphate	OP (1(4))	Chlorfenvinphos	1:2	100	7	100.0	5.4	1997
Co-formulation	COF1	Chlorfenvinphos + α-cypermethrin	1:2	30:3	28	71.8	21.5	2004
	COF2	Chlorpyriphos + Cypermethrin	1:2	50:5	11	28.2	8.5	2013
Sub-total	2 (8.0)				39	100.0	30.0
Total	25 (100)				130		100

ISSN: 1756-3305