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Table 4 Comparative description of eggs of An. culicifacies species A, D and E showing morphological differences

From: Malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies sibling species differentiation using egg morphometry and morphology

 

An. culicifacies ‘A’

An. culicifacies ‘D’

An. culicifacies ‘E’

Colour

Black

Black

Black

Shape

Boat-shaped in lateral, ventral and dorsal views

Broadly boat-shaped in both ventral and dorsal views

Broadly boat-shaped in both ventral and dorsal views

Ventral and dorsal surface

Ventral surface concave, dorsal surface curved

Ventral surface concave, dorsal surface strongly curved

Ventral surface slightly concave, dorsal surface curved

Anterior and posterior ends

Anterior and posterior ends blunt, sometimes pointed

Anterior end blunt, posterior end slightly pointed and sometimes blunt

Anterior end blunt, posterior end slightly pointed, sometimes blunt

Anterior lobed ventral tubercles

Usually oval

Usually oval or oblong, but occasionally round

Usually oval or oblong

Posterior lobed tubercles

Similar in structure to anterior lobed tubercles

Similar in structure to anterior lobed tubercles

Similar in structure to anterior lobed tubercles but sometimes found to be round

Number of antero-ventral tubercles

3–7

2–3

3–4

Number of postero-ventral tubercles

1–2 No. less from No. of antero-ventral tubercles

2–3 (Similar in No. to No. of antero-ventral tubercles)

Only 1 No. less from No. of antero-ventral tubercles

Micropyle

Outline of micropylar collar irregular in shape and well developed

Micropylar collar irregular in outline, with smooth surface

Outline of micropylar collar irregular in shape, with slight striations

Number of sectors of micropylar disc

Bigger micropyle with 6–7 sectors

Only 6 sectors

Only 6 sectors

Floats

Short and closer to ventral than dorsal surface

Relatively short and narrow in dorso-ventral plane

Relatively long and wide in dorso-ventral plane

Deck

Continuous, slightly narrows at middle of float, anterior part of deck usually as wide as posterior part

Continuous, anterior part of deck usually wider than posterior part

Continuous and anterior part of deck usually wider than middle part