Rift Valley fever vector diversity and impact of meteorological and environmental factors on Culex pipiens dynamics in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

Table 5 Functions describing Cx. pipiens life-cycle

Definition	Function	Reference
Egg hatching function (rate of egg reaching the following stage)	\( {f}_E(t)=\frac{T(t)-{T}_E}{TD{D}_E} \)	[18, 79]
Larval development function (rate of larvae turning in pupae)	\( {f}_L(t)=\frac{0.021\times {e}^{0.162\times \left(T(t)-10\right)} - {e}^{0.162\times \left(T(t)-10\right)-\frac{35-T(t)}{5.007}}}{4} \)	[18, 67]
Pupal development function (rate of pupae emerging)	\( {f}_L(t)=0.021\times {e}^{0.162\times \left(T(t)-10\right)} - {e}^{0.162\times \left(T(t)-10\right)-\frac{35-T(t)}{5.007}} \)	[18, 67]
Rate of adults becoming gravid	\( {f}_{Ag}(t) = \frac{T(t)-{T}_{Ag}}{TD{D}_{Ag}} \)	[18, 79]
Larval mortality rate	\( {m}_L(t) = {e}^{\frac{-T(t)}{2}}+{\mu}_L \)	[18, 80]
Pupal mortality rate	\( {m}_P(t) = {e}^{\frac{-T(t)}{2}}+{\mu}_P \)	[18, 80]
Daily adult mortality rate	m _A(t) = -0.005941 + 0.002965 × T(t)	[18, 67, 80]
Additional adult mortality rate related to the seeking behaviour	m _r(t) = μ _r max − W(t) × (μ _r max − μ _r min)	BK
Daily environment carrying capacity for larvae	κ _L(t) = κ _L min + W(t) × (κ _L max − κ _L min)	BK
Daily environment carrying capacity for pupae	κ _P(t) = κ _P min + W(t) × (κ _P max − κ _P min)	BK

BK to our best knowledge, T daily average temperature, W daily average water presence:\( W(t) = \left\{\begin{array}{c}\hfill 1\hfill \\ {}\hfill R(t)\hfill \\ {}\hfill F(t)\hfill \\ {}\hfill \frac{R(t)+F(t)}{2}\hfill \end{array}\ \right.\begin{array}{c}\hfill \mathrm{in}\ \mathrm{scenario}\ 1,\hfill \\ {}\hfill \mathrm{in}\ \mathrm{scenario}\ 2,\hfill \\ {}\hfill \mathrm{in}\ \mathrm{scenario}\ 3,\hfill \\ {}\hfill \hfill \\ {}\hfill\ \mathrm{in}\ \mathrm{scenario}\ 4,\ \hfill \end{array} \)
With R: 8 days cumulated rainfall; F: daily flooding (normalized values)

ISSN: 1756-3305