Table 3 Top BLASTp scores of 18 immunity proteins detected in parasitized SGs of G. m. morsitans
UniProt ID | Protein name | Best Blast Match (description of homologies) | Pathway | Processes and roles in insect immunity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Best match (species name) | % identity | Accession No. | Bits score | E-value | ||||
Q8MX87 | Transferrin | Transferrin-1; (D. melanogaster) | 63 | AAF48831.1 | 827 | 0.0 | Cell cycle regulation | Pathogen-induced; iron metabolism; cellular homeostasis (prevents hydroxyl radical toxicity) |
Q8IS37 | Nitric oxide synthase | Nitric oxide synthase; (A. pisum) | 48 | XP_001946209.1 | 137 | 1e-34 | IMD | Response to production of NO; inactivation of critical enzymes in energy metabolism and growth of parasites |
H9TZT6b | Stress-associated ER protein-2 | Serine protease inhibitor-4; (D. melanogaster) | 43 | NP_724511.2 | 310 | 3e-86 | Toll | Pathogen recognition and apoptosis (activation of Toll pathway). Serpins are determinants for Plasmodium susceptibility and transmission in mosquitoes |
Q2PQQ0 | Serine protease inhibitor-4 | 52 | 382 | 1e-107 | ||||
Q694B0 | Thioredoxin peroxidase-3 | Thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase-1; (An. gambiae) | 73 | XP_310704.3 | 295 | 6e-82 | Humoral response | Thioredoxin redox system provides primary defence lines in insects (oxidative stress); increase in oxidative stress limits parasite maturation; oxidative stress plays important roles in refractoriness of tsetse to trypanosome infection |
D3TN04 | Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase | 74 | 298 | 1e-82 | ||||
Q694A5 | Thioredoxin peroxidase-1 | Thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase-2; (An. gambiae) | 76 | XP_308081.2 | 315 | 4e-88 | ||
Q694A6 | Thioredoxin peroxidase-2 | Thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase-3; (An. gambiae) | 73 | XP_308336.4 | 341 | 1e-95 | ||
D3TRY4b | Cathepsin B-like cysteine protease | Cathepsin L; (D. melanogaster) | 24 | AAF51924.1 | 59 | 2e-10 | Cellular response | Upregulated in immune-stimulated Drosophila and G. m. morsitans (phagocytosis-mediated immunity) |
D3TPP1a, b | Downstream of receptor kinase | Plenty of SH3-domain protein (POSH); (D. melanogaster) | 31 | NP_523776.1 | 89.7 | 7e-08 | Toll; IMD; signalling | DrKs are important downstream regulator of tumour necrosis factor/ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (TNF/JNK) signaling. JNK activation and Relish induction are delayed and sustained in POSH-deficient flies |
D3TQS8a, b | Integrin-β | No hits found |  |  |  |  | Cellular response | Tetraspanins regulate integrin activity; provides scaffold for phagocytosis-mediated insect immunity |
D3TMA1a, b | Tetraspanin 42Ed | No hits found | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
D3TMK2b | Ras-related small GTPase rho type | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate-1; (D. melanogaster) | 70 | NP_476950.1 | 271 | 9e-75 | Cell cycle regulation | Rac/Rab GTPases are required for proper encapsulation (phagocytosis-mediated immunity); Rac1/2 GTPases are necessary for immune surveillance against pathogens and parasites in Drosophila |
D3TMD3 | Rab protein-14 (Rab-14) | 27 | 67.8 | 2e-13 | ||||
D3TRT5 | Rab protein-5 (Rab-5) | 25 | 60.1 | 5e-11 | ||||
D3TSA8 | Rab protein-7 (Rab-7) | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate-2; (D. melanogaster) | 27 | NP_648121.1 | 66.2 | 7e-13 | ||
D3TP17 | Ras-related GTPase | Ras-related protein; (A. mellifera) | 25 | XP_623951.1 | 66.6 | 5e-13 | ||
D3TQN6 | Ubiquitin protein ligase (also known as E3) | Bendless/ ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 13; (D. melanogaster) | 33 | ACZ95287.1 | 100 | 3e-23 | Toll; IMD; signaling | Humoral immune response. Bendless mutants have inefficient IMD pathway induction |