Increased expression of ATP binding cassette transporter genes following exposure of Haemonchus contortus larvae to a high concentration of monepantel in vitro

Table 2 Response of Haemonchus contortus larvae to ivermectin following pre-exposure to monepantel

Pre-exposure period	Isolate	Drug exposure	Ivermectin dose-response
			IC₅₀			Dose-response plateau
			Drug conc.^a (μg/ml)	95 % CI	Drug/DMSO^a,b	Migration^c (%)	95 % CI	Drug/ DMSO^c,d
3 h	Kirby	DMSO	1.6	1.3–1.9	–	7.3	2.3–12.3	–
	Kirby	MPL	2.5	1.6–3.8	1.5	18.3	7.5–29.2	2.5
	WAL	DMSO	4.0	3.5–4.6	–	17.6	12.7–22.5	–
	WAL	MPL	6.1	4.2–8.9	1.5	33.8*	25.8–41.8	1.9*
6 h	Kirby	DMSO	1.4	1.2–1.7	–	4.3	-0.06–8.6	–
	Kirby	MPL	0.9	0.5–1.5	0.6	27.1*	18.1–36.1	6.3*
	WAL	DMSO	2.8	2.4–3.3	–	16.8	10.9–22.6	–
	WAL	MPL	2.5	1.1–5.6	1.03	37.1*	24.0–50.1	2.2*

^aWithin either the 3 or 6 h pre-exposure data sets, * denotes that the IC₅₀ following pre-exposure to anthelmintic was significantly higher than the IC₅₀ following pre-exposure to DMSO, as determined by non-overlap of 95 % confidence intervals
^bDrug / DMSO = IC₅₀ for IVM following pre-exposure to MPL/ IC₅₀ for IVM following pre-exposure to DMSO
^cWithin either the 3 or 6 h pre-exposure data sets, * denotes that L3 migration at the dose-response plateau (%) following pre-exposure to MPL was significantly higher than L3 migration (%) following pre-exposure to DMSO, as determined by non-overlap of 95 % confidence intervals
^dDrug / DMSO = L3 migration (%) for IVM following pre-exposure to MPL/ L3 migration (%) for IVM following pre-exposure to DMSO

ISSN: 1756-3305