Table 4 Seasonal variability of the mean climatic and environmental factors in Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude, South Africa (n = 580)

15.29 ± 1.62

14.50 ± 1.34

17.23 ± 1.36

20.74 ± 1.88

0.43 ± 0.05

0.37 ± 0.04

0.26 ± 0.05

0.28 ± 0.05

0.68 ± 0.06

0.66 ± 0.06

0.51 ± 0.08

0.50 ± 0.07

0.46 ± 0.08

0.44 ± 0.10

0.21 ± 0.13

0.18 ± 0.11

91.19 ± 5.51

41.28 ± 3.73

12.76 ± 1.39

62.64 ± 3.21

35.53 ± 1.58

31.11 ± 1.11

29.11 ± 1.15

36.72 ± 1.85

20.15 ± 0.42

16.48 ± 0.87

11.85 ± 0.96

15.98 ± 0.59