Fig. 3From: Insecticidal effects of deltamethrin in laboratory and field populations of Culicoides species: how effective are host-contact reduction methods in India?Effects of exposure time and temperature on C. nubeculosus. Effect of exposure time on 24-h mortality (a) and temperature on knockdown (KD) and 24-h mortality (b) on C. nubeculosus after exposures to two concentrations of deltamethrin in WHO tubes. Bars indicate standard errors (A, B: z = -1.975, P < 0.05 (10–20 min), z = -3.238, P < 0.005 (10–60 min); a, b: z = -6.976, P < 0.0001 (10–60 min), z = -5.785, P < 0.0001 (20–60 min) (all df = 17))Back to article page