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Table 2 Parasite load by means of Leishmania-specific IHC and qPCR on paired skin samples from the dogs studied based on disease stage

From: Histological and parasitological distinctive findings in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis

Skin samples

IHCa

(mean ± SD)

qPCRg

(mean ± SD)

Normal-looking skin (n = 25)

0.4 ± 0.8b

3.0 ± 4.7h

 Stage I (n = 11)

0.1 ± 0.3c,d

6.1 ± 4.0i,j

 Stage II-III (n = 14)

0.5 ± 0.7d,e

1.7 ± 4.5j,k

Clinically-lesioned skin (n = 25)

1.5 ± 0.9b

1.5 ± 4.9h

 Stage I (n = 11)

1.1 ± 0.8c,f

3.4 ± 4.4i,l

 Stage II-III (n = 14)

1.7 ± 0.9e,f

-0.4 ± 4.7k,l

  1. Abbreviations: qPCR, quantitative PCR IHC Leishmania immunohistochemistry, SD standard deviation
  2. aFor method of grading, see Methods
  3. bWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -4.345, P < 0.0001
  4. cWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -2.887, P = 0.004
  5. dMann-Whitney U-test: Z = -2.169, P = 0.03
  6. eWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -3.274, P = 0.001
  7. fMann-Whitney U-test: Z = -1.943, P = 0.052
  8. gDelta CT (difference of expression between Leishmania CT -18S CT)
  9. hWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -3.332, P = 0.001
  10. iWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -2.023, P = 0.043
  11. jMann-Whitney U-test: Z = -2.021, P = 0.043
  12. kWilcoxon Signed-rank test: Z = -2.691, P = 0.007
  13. lMann-Whitney U-test: Z = -2.026, P = 0.043