| Suburban village | Rural village | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Containers | Pupae | Containers | Pupae | ||||||
No. positive/inspected | % positive | Total | No. per container (95% CI) | No. positive/inspected | % positive | Total | No. per container (95% CI) | ||
Overall per study location | 75/139 | 54.0 | 911 | 6.6 (4.5–8.6) | 21/64 | 32.8 | 558 | 8.7 (2.0–15.4) | |
Socio-demography | |||||||||
 Education level | ≤ Primary school | 34/64 | 53.1 | 367 | 5.7 (3.3–8.1) | 21/63 | 33.3 | 558 | 8.9 (2.1–15.6) |
> Primary school | 41/75 | 54.7 | 544 | 7.2 (3.9–10.6) | 0/1 | 0 | 0 | – | |
 Occupation | Agriculture | 44/82 | 53.7 | 454 | 5.5 (3.6–7.5) | 21/64 | 32.8 | 558 | 8.7 (2.0–15.4) |
Commercial | 8/11 | 72.7 | 216 | 19.6 (0.3–39.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
Service | 11/25 | 44.0 | 139 | 5.6 (0.9–10.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
Othera | 12/21 | 57.1 | 102 | 4.9 (0.7–9.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
 Wealth status | Poor | 21/41 | 51.2 | 240 | 5.9 (2.6–9.1) | 19/54 | 35.2 | 514 | 9.5 (1.7–17.4) |
Intermediate | 35/68 | 51.5 | 335 | 4.9 (2.8–7.1) | 2/9 | 22.2 | 44 | 4.9 (-2.7–12.5) | |
Rich | 19/30 | 63.3 | 336 | 11.2 (3.9–18.5) | 0/1 | 0 | 0 | – | |
Household water management | |||||||||
 Container type | Jar | 35/77 | 45.5 | 418 | 5.4 (2.6–8.2) | 17/49 | 34.7 | 234 | 4.8 (1.8–7.8) |
Tank | 29/41 | 70.7 | 389 | 9.5 (4.9–14.0) | 4/6 | 66.7 | 324 | 54.0 (-21.6–129.6) | |
Bucket | 3/10 | 33.3 | 19 | 1.9 (-1.7–5.5) | 0/7 | 0 | 0 | – | |
 Container location | Indoor | 12/15 | 80.0 | 142 | 9.5 (3.5–15.4) | 5/26 | 19.2 | 36 | 1.4 (-0.2–2.9) |
Outdoor | 32/79 | 40.5 | 346 | 4.4 (1.9–6.9) | 12/29 | 41.4 | 198 | 6.8 (1.9–11.7) | |
Toilet/bathroom | 31/45 | 68.9 | 423 | 9.4 (5.0–13.8) | 4/9 | 44.4 | 324 | 36.0 (-12.5–84.5) | |
 Household water source | Rain-fed | 12/37 | 32.4 | 114 | 3.1 (0.7–5.5) | 13/43 | 30.2 | 185 | 4.3 (0.9–7.6) |
Manually collected rain | 3/3 | 100.0 | 14 | 4.7 (-2.9–12.3) | 0/4 | 0 | 0 | – | |
Piped water | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | |
Borehole | 59/98 | 60.2 | 781 | 7.9 (5.2–10.8) | 8/17 | 47.1 | 373 | 21.9 (-2.5–46.3) | |
 Frequency of container cleaning | ≤ Weekly | 52/96 | 54.2 | 668 | 6.9 (4.2–9.8) | 18/59 | 30.5 | 495 | 8.4 (1.2–15.5) |
> Weekly-monthly | 22/42 | 52.4 | 238 | 5.7 (2.9–8.4) | 3/4 | 75.0 | 63 | 15.8 (-12.7–44.2) | |
> Monthly-yearly | 1/1 | 100.0 | 5 | 5 | 0/1 | 0 | 0 | – | |
 Lid status | With lid | 9/32 | 28.1 | 56 | 1.8 (0.0–3.5) | 3/16 | 18.8 | 31 | 1.9 (-1.6–5.5) |
Without lid | 66/107 | 61.7 | 855 | 7.9 (5.4–10.6) | 18/48 | 37.5 | 527 | 10.9 (2.2–19.8) | |
 Temephos present in container | No | 53/108 | 49.1 | 668 | 6.2 (3.8–8.6) | 19/60 | 31.7 | 446 | 7.4 (0.8–14.0) |
Yes | 22/31 | 70.9 | 243 | 7.8 (3.2–12.4) | 2/4 | 50.0 | 112 | 28.0 (-37.3–93.3) |