Table 4 Prevalence and Giardia duodenalis assemblages and subtypes reported in animals from Africa
From: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges
Country | Animal type | Patient group | Prevalencea (No. positive/No. tested) | Giardia duodenalis assemblage (Prevalence in %)b | Subassemblage | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central African Republic | Wildlife | Wild western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) | 2.0% (4/210) | A (100) | AII | [122] |
Domestic | Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) | 11.1% (1/9) | E (100) | |||
Côte d’Ivoire | Domestic | Dog (Canis familiaris) | 54.5% (6/11) | A (33.3) | [106] | |
A + B (16.7) | ||||||
C (33.3) | ||||||
D (33.3) | ||||||
Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) | 50% (1/2) | A + B (100) | ||||
Duck (Cairina moschata) | 33.3% (1/3) | A + B (100) | ||||
Chicken (Gallus gallus) | 58.1% (18/31) | A (38.9) | ||||
B (38.9) | ||||||
A + B (22.2) | ||||||
Egypt | Domestic | Cattle (Bos taurus) | 6.7% (40/593) | A (15.4) | AI; AII | [80] |
E (82.7) | ||||||
A/E (1.9) | ||||||
Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) | 4.7% (10/211) | A (20.0) | ||||
Both cattle and buffalo | 53.2% (424/804) by RT-PCR | E (80.0) | ||||
Egypt | Domestic | Cattle (Bos taurus) | 8.7% (4/46) | E (100) | [169] | |
Egypt | Domestic | Calves (Bos taurus) | 30.8% (25/58) | A (20.0) | [175] | |
E (80.0) | ||||||
Egypt | Wild and cultured | Fish (Tilapia nilotica; Mugil cephalus) | 3.3% (3/92) | A (100) | [171] | |
Ghana | Wildlife | Colobus monkey (Colobus vellerosus) | 69.2% (74/107) | B (100) | [189] | |
Rwanda | Wildlife | Mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) | 8.5% (11/130) | B (100) | BIVc; BIII | [124] |
Domestic | Cattle (Bos taurus) | 5.9% (8/135) | E (100) | |||
Tanzania | Domestic | Zebus cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) | 21.1% (4/19) | A (75.0) | BIV | [123] |
B (25.0) | ||||||
Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) | 22.0% (9/41) | E (66.7) | BIV | |||
B (22.2) | ||||||
A (11.1) | ||||||
Uganda | Wildlife | Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei) | 2.0% (2/100) | A (100) | [163] | |
Domestic | Cattle (Bos taurus) | 10.0% (5/50) | A (100.0) | |||
Uganda | Wildlife | Red colobus (Procolobus badius tephrosceles) | 11.1% | AII | [120] | |
BIV | ||||||
E | ||||||
Domestic | Livestock (cattle, Bos taurus and Bos indicus, n = 25; goats, Capra aegagrus hircus, n = 57; and sheep, Ovis aries, n = 7) | 12.4% | E |