Table 5 Prevalence and Cryptosporidium species and subtypes reported from domesticated animals and wildlife in Africa

Algeria

Domesticated

Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

44.6% (25/57)

C. meleagridis (100)

IIIgA18G4R1; IIIgA19G5R1; IIIgA20G4R1; IIIgA21G3R1^c; IIIgA24G3R1; IIIgA26G2R1

[93]

Chickens (Gallus domesticus)

34.4% (31/90)

C. meleagridis (83.9)

IIIgA18G4R1; IIIgA19G5R1^c; IIIgA21G3R1; IIIgA24G2R1; IIIgA26G3R1^c

C. baileyi (16.1)

Algeria

Domesticated

Horse (Equus caballus)

2.9% (4/138)

C. erinacei (100)

XIIIaA22R9

[94]

Algeria

Domesticated

Horse (Equus caballus)

2.3% (5/219)

C. parvum (60.0)

IIaA16G1R1^c

[100]

C. hominis (20.0)

IkA15G1

C. muris RN66 (20.0)

Donkey (Equus africanus asinus)

1.6% (2/124)

C. parvum (50.0)

IIaA16G1R1

C. muris TS03 (50.0)

Central Africa Republic

Wildlife

Wild western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)

0.5% (1/201)

C. bovis (100)

[122]

African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

5.0% (1/20)

C. muris TS03 (100)

Côte d’Ivoire

Domestic

Chicken (Gallus gallus)

16.1% (5/31)

C. meleagridis (80.0)

[106]

C. parvum (20.0)

Egypt

Domesticated

Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

39.9% (365/915)

C. meleagridis (100)

[353]

Egypt

Domesticated

Cattle (Bos taurus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Cattle: 31.2% (185/593); Buffalo: 35.5% (75/211)

C. parvum (65.7)

IIaA15G1R1; IIdA19G1; IIdA20G1^c

[26]

C. ryanae (11.8)

C. bovis (4.1)

C. parvum + C. ryanae (11.2)

C. parvum + C. bovis (5.3)

C. parvum + C. andersoni (1.8%)

Egypt

Domestic

Cattle (Bos taurus)

10.2% (49/480)

C. parvum (100)

IIdA20G1

[108]

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

12.3% (38/310)

C. parvum (100)

IIdA20G1

Egypt

Domestic

Cattle (Bos taurus)

13.6% (269/1974)

C. parvum (43.5)

IIdA20G1; IIaA15G1R1^c; IIaA14G1R1r1b

[112]

C. andersoni (10.1)

C. bovis (10.1)

C. ryanae (18.8)

Mixed species (17.4)

Egypt

Domestic

Water buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis)

9.5% (17/179)

C. parvum (41.2)

IIdA20G^c; IIaA15G1R1

[111]

C. ryanae (58.8)

Egypt

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

30.2% (29/96)

C. parvum (92.3)

IIdA20G1^c; IIaA15G2R1

[110]

C. andersoni (7.7)

Egypt

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

1.3% (6/466)

C. parvum (33.3)

IIdA20G1; IIaA15G1R1

[113]

C. ryanae (66.7)

Cattle (Bos taurus)

6.9% (31/450)

C. parvum (74.2)

IIdA20G1^c; IIaA15G1R1

C. ryanae (16.1)

C. bovis (9.7)

Sheep (Ovis aries)

2.5% (3/120)

C. xiaoi (100)

Egypt

Domestic

Cattle (Bos taurus)

10.2% (49/480)

C. parvum (100)

IIdA20G1

[108]

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

12.3% (38/310)

C. parvum (100)

IIdA20G1

Ethiopia

Calves (Bos taurus)

15.8% (71/449)

C. andersoni (76.1)

[354]

C. bovis (19.7)

C. ryanae (4.2)

Kenya

Domestic

Calves and cattle (Bos taurus)

7.7% (134/1734)

C. parvum-like (68.0)

[355]

C. ryanae (16.0)

C. andersoni (12.0)

C. hominis (4.0)

Kenya

Domestic

Cattle (Bos taurus)

Not reported

Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype (100)

[177]

Kenya

Wildlife

Olive baboon (Papio anubis)

2.6% (6/235)

C. hominis (100)

IbA9G3^c; IIfA12G2^c; IiA14

[187]

Madagascar

Domestic

Cattle (Bos taurus)

29.0% (18/62)

C. suis (94.4); Cryptosporidium spp. (5.6)

[97]

Pig (Sus scrofa)

23.5% (4/17)

C. parvum (75.0); C. suis (25.0%)

Rodents

33.3% (16/48)

Rat genotype III (31.0); Rat genotype IV (6.3); C. meleagridis (43.8); C. suis (6.3); Unknown (12.5)

Dog (Canis lupus)

100% (1/1)

C. canis (100)

Wildlife

Lemur

4.0% (1/25)

C. hominis (100)

Nigeria

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

52.3% (34/65)

C. bovis (52.9); C. ryanae (14.7); C. bovis and C. ryanae (32.4)

[356]

Nigeria

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

16.0% (31/194)

C. bovis (45.2); C. ryanae (25.8); C. andersoni (16.1); C. bovis + C. ryanae (9.7); C. bovis + C. andersoni (3.2)

[85]

Rwanda

Wildlife

Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)

4.0% (4/100)

C. muris (50); C. meleagridis (50.0)

[182]

South Africa

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

0.6% (2/352)

C. parvum (50.0); C. bovis (50.0)

[154]

South Africa

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

8.0% (4/51)

C. andersoni (50.0); C. bovis (50.0)

[90]

Wildlife

African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

2.8% (2/71)

C. ubiquitum (50.0); C. bovis (50.0)

Impala (Aepyceros melampus)

2.8% (2/71)

C. ubiquitum (100)

Tanzania

Wildlife

Baboons (Papio spp.)

10.6% (5/47)

C. hominis (100)

IfA12G2

[102]

Chimpanzees (Pan spp.)

19.0% (16/84)

C. hominis (68.8); C. suis (25.0); C. suis and C. hominis (6.2)

IfA12G2

Domestic

Sheep (Ovis aries)

22.2% (2/9)

C. xiaoi (100)

Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus)

13.9% (5/56)

C. xiaoi (100)

Tunisia

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

21.4% (15/70)

C. parvum (100)

IIaA15G2R1^c; IIaA16G2R1; IIaA13G2R1; IIaA20G3R1; IIdA16G1

[114]

Tunisia

Domestic

Sheep (Ovis aries)

11.2% (10/89)

C. bovis (100)

[178]

Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

4.5% (9/200)

C. meleagridis (100)

Tunisia

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

86.7% (26/30)

C. parvum (100)

[174]

Uganda

Wildlife

Black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza;)

3.4% (1/29)

C. parvum (100)

[107]

Red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus)

26.7% (8/30)

C. parvum (75.0%); C. parvum/C. hominis/C. cuniculus (25.0)

Domestic

Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus)

3.5% (2/57)

C. parvum (100)

Uganda

Wildlife

Free-ranging mountain gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei)

4.0% (4/100)

C. parvum (100)

[104]

Zambia

Domestic

Calves (Bos taurus)

34.0% (70/207)

C. parvum (61.9)

[118]

C. bovis (33.3)

Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype (4.8)

Zambia

Goat kid (Capra aegagrushircus)

4.8% (5/105)

C. parvum (100)

[117]

Lamb (Ovis aries)

12.5% (19/152)

C. parvum (83.3)

C. suis (16.7)

Zambia

Calves (Bos taurus)

19.2% (142/744)

C. parvum (64.4)

[116]

C. bovis (33.3)

C. suis (2.2)