Table 2 Primers used for PCR

Ixodes sp. ITS2

F-ITS2 (cacactgagcacttactctttg)

R1-ITS2 (actggatggctccagtattc)

57 °C

[58]

I. persulcatus cox1 gene

Ixodes-F (acctgatatagctttccctcg)

Ipers-R (ttgattcctgttggaacagc)

55 °C

[69]

I. pavlovskyi cox1 gene

Ixodes-F (acctgatatagctttccctcg)

Ipav-R (taatccccgtggggacg)

55 °C

[69]

TBEV E-NS1 genes

E7 (ggcatagaaaggctgacagtg)

E10 (gatacctctctccacacaaccag)

52 °C

[34]

E9 (acagtgataggagaacacgcctggg)

E8 (cagccaggaggaagctcatggac)

52 °C

[34]

KEMV segment 1

Kem1s_1 (attcaaattacgacacgcacatgac)

Kem1s_2 (gtatcgtcgccgacgtacatctc)

56 °C

[70]

Kem1s_3 (gctcatcgaagcgggatacgg)

Kem1s_4 (gcgtagagttctctcccgacagatg)

56 °C

[70]

Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) 5S-23S rRNA

intergenic spacer

NC1 (cctgttatcattccgaacacag)

NC2 (tactccattcggtaatcttggg)

50 °C

[14]

NC3 (tactgcgagttcgcgggag)

NC4 (cctaggcattcaccatagac)

54 °C

[71], modified

B. miyamotoi

glpQ gene

Q1 (caccattgatcatagctcacag)

Q4 (ctgttggtgcttcattccagtc)

50 °C

[44]

Q3 (gctagtgggtatcttccagaac)

Q2 (cttgttgtttatgccagaagggt)

54 °C

[44]

B. burgdorferi (s.l.)

p83/100 gene

F7 (ttcaaagggatactgttagagag)

F10 (aagaaggcttatctaatggtgatg)

50 °C

This study

F5 (acctggtgatgtaagttctcc)

F12 (ctaacctcattgttgttagactt)

54 °C

This study

B. burgdorferi (s.l.)

clpA gene

clpAF1237 (aaagatagatttcttccagac)

clpAR2218 (gaatttcatctattaaaagctttc)

55 → 48 °C

[72]

clpAF1255 (gacaaagcttttgatattttag)

clpAR2104 (caaaaaaaacatcaaattttctatctc)

50 °C

[72]

Anaplasmataceae

16S rRNA gene

Ehr1 (gaacgaacgctggcggcaagc)

Ehr2 (agtaycgraccagatagccgc)

57 °C

[45]

Ehr3 (tgcataggaatctacctagtag)

Ehr4 (ctaggaattccgctatcctct)

60 °C

[45]

A. phagocytophilum

16S rRNA gene

HGE1 (cggattattctttatagcttgc)

HGE2 (cttaccgaaccgcctacatg)

55 °C

[45]

E. muris

16S rRNA gene

Em1 (cgaacggatagctacccatagc)

Em2 (cgctccaaagttaagctttggt)

55 °C

[45]

Anaplasmataceae

groESL operon

HS1-f (cgycagtgggctggtaatgaa)

HS6-r (ccwccwggtacwacaccttc)

55 °C

[73], modified

HS3-f (atagtyatgaaggagagtgat)

HSVR (tcaacagcagctctagtwg)

50 °C

[74]

Rickettsia spp.

gltA gene

glt1 (gattgctttacttacgaccc)

glt2 (tgcatttctttccattgtgc)

52 °C

[49]

glt3 (tatagacggtgataaaggaatc)

glt4 (cagaactaccgatttctttaagc)

53 °C

[49]

“Ca. R. tarasevichiae” gltA gene

RT1 (tactaaaaaagtcgctgttcattc)

RT2 (tgttgcaaacatcatgcgtaag)

56 °C

[49]

SFGR gltA

RH1 (gtcagtctactatcacctatatag)

RH3 (taaaatattcatctttaagagcga)

54 °C

[49]

This study

Babesia spp.

18S rRNA gene

BS1 (gacggtagggtattggcct)

BS2 (attcaccggatcactcgatc)

58 °C

[46]

BS3 (taccggggcgacgacgggtg)

BS5 (cgaggcagcaacgggtaacg)

BS4 (agggacgtagtcggcacgag)

62 °C

[46]