Table 3 Reports of resistance to chlorinated hydrocarbons in bed bugs (Cimex spp.) by the 1970s

C. lectularius

DDT

USA (Hawaii)

[34]

DDT

Greece

[255–257]

DDT

USA (Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Utah)

[36]

DDT

Belgian Congo

[258]

DDT

Israel

[259, 260]

DDT

Japan, Italy

[36]

HCH, dieldrin

Italy

[36]

DDT

USA (Colorado, Pennsylvania, Texas)

[36]

HCH, dieldrin

Israel

[36]

DDT

French Guiana

[261]

DDT

Iran

[262]

γ-HCH

Israel

[263]

DDT

Trinidad, Turkey

[36]

DDT, chlordane, dieldrin

Italy

[264]

Dieldrin, γ-HCH, aldrin, endrin, isodrin, α-chlordane, β-chlordane, methoxychlor, perthane, prolan

Israel

[35]

DDT

Lebanon

[265]

DDT

Japan, Korea, USA (Ohio, and two US naval vessels)

[266]

DDT

Hungary, Poland

[36, 40, 267]

HCH, dieldrin

Indonesia, Zambia, Rhodesia, Borneo

[37]

DDT

Borneo, Indonesia, Colombia

[36, 40]

DDT

Zimbabwe

[268]

DDT, HCH, dieldrin

South India

[36]

γ-HCH

India

[269]

DDT, HCH, dieldrin

South Africa

[37, 270]

DDT dieldrin

Gaza

[271]

DDT, HCH, dieldrin

Egypt

[37, 272]

γ-HCH

Zambia, Italy, Borneo

[40]

DDT

Papua-New Guinea

[273]

DDT, dieldrin

Almost everywhere

[38]

C. hemipterus

DDT

West India

[36]

HCH, dieldrin

West India

[36]

DDT

Taiwan

[274]

DDT

India (Bombay State)

[275]

HCH, dieldrin

Tanzania, Kenya, Upper Volta

[37]

DDT

Hong Kong, Singapore

[264]

DDT

Kenya

[36]

Dieldrin

Ivory Coast

[35]

Dieldrin

Tanganyika

[276]

DDT

Mombasa, Somalia, Gambia, Hong Kong

[35]

Dieldrin

Mombasa, Gambia

[35]

γ-HCH

Mombasa, Somalia, Gambia

[35]

Methoxychlor

Mombasa, Somalia

[35]

DDT

Poland

[267]

HCH, dieldrin

Dahomeh, Zanzibar

[36, 37]

DDT

Malaysia, Thailand

[36, 37]

HCH, dieldrin

Malaysia

[36, 37]

DDT, HCH, dieldrin

Madagascar, South India

[36, 37]

DDT

Tanzania (Zanzibar)

[277]

Dieldrin

Tanzania (Magugu)

[278]

DDT

Papua-New Guinea

[279]