Effect of physicochemical parameters on Anopheles and Culex mosquito larvae abundance in different breeding sites in a rural setting of Muheza, Tanzania

Table 6 Univariate and multivariate association between pupa densities with physiochemical parameters and breeding site-type

Parameter	Univariate		Multivariate
	Coefficient (95% CI)	P-value	Coefficient (95% CI)	P-value
Breeding type category
(i) Rain water collections	1		1
(ii) Road side water collections and road potholes	0.39 (-1.3–2.09)	0.65	-0.39 (-2.71–1.93)	0.741
(iii) Rice field and animal hoof prints	-1.24 (-2.12 – -0.37)	0.005^a	-0.98 (-1.85 – -0.12)	0.028^a
(iv)) Swampy areas	-1.15 (-2.11 – -0.19)	0.018^a	-1.28 (-2.06 – -0.50)	0.001^a
(v) Pond water reservoirs	-1.89 (-2.68 – -1.09)	< 0.001^a	-1.57 (-2.23 – -0.90)	< 0.001^a
(vi) Small ponds and water collection on the sides of the bridges	0.75 (-0.04–1.53)	0.063	-0.07 (-0.43–0.30)	0.712
Physicochemical parameters
Salinity (ppm)	-0.23 (-1.44–0.86)	0.618
Temperature (°C)	-1.66 (-2.57 – -0.75)	< 0.001^a	-0.69 (-1.44–0.06)	< 0.001^a
Total dissolved solids (ppm)	-0.72 (-2.12–0.68)	0.312
Conductivity (μS)	-0.64 (-1.94–0.66)	0.334
pH	0.15 (-0.26–0.56)	0.481

ISSN: 1756-3305