From: A synoptic overview of golden jackal parasites reveals high diversity of species
Family | Species | Origin | Prevalence (%) | Frequency | Intensity (A, ♂, ♀, N, L)b | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class Arachnida | ||||||
Demodecidae | Demodex spp. | Israel | na | 1/1 | na | [287] |
Demodex canis | Russia | 3.3 | 5/150 | na | [53] | |
Demodex folliculorum | Bangladesh | na | na | na | [118] | |
Ixodidae | Amblyomma sp. | Nepal | na | na | na | [288] |
Amblyomma varanense (syn. Aponomma gervaisi lucasi) | India | na | na | na | [289] | |
Amblyomma variegatum | Haute-Volta | na | na | 7 N | [290] | |
Senegal | na | na | 54 L | [291] | ||
Dermacentor marginatus | Russia | 15.3 | 23/150 | 1–26 | [53] | |
Serbia | 45.0 | 9/20 | na | [292] | ||
Dermacentor reticulatus | Austria | na | 1/1 | 17 ♂; 2 ♀ | [56] | |
Hungary | na | 4/4 | 10 A | [293] | ||
Italy | na | 1/1 | na | [116] | ||
Romania | 12.6 | 10/79 | 46 ♂; 25 ♀ | [294] | ||
Russia | 62.0 | 93/150 | 1–26 | [53] | ||
Haemaphysalis sp. | Iran | 1.7 | 1/56 | na | ||
Nepal | na | na | na | [288] | ||
Haemaphysalis adleri | Iraq | na | na | na | [297] | |
Israel | na | 2/2 | 4 ♂; 1 ♀ | [298] | ||
na | 3/3 | na | [299] | |||
Haemaphysalis bispinosa | India | na | na | na | [300] | |
Nepal | na | na | na | [288] | ||
Haemaphysalis canestrinii | India | na | 1/1 | 9 ♂; 3 ♀, | [301] | |
na | na | na | [300] | |||
Pakistan | na | 3/3 | 3 ♂; 1 ♀ | [301] | ||
Haemaphysalis concinna | Austria | na | 1/1 | 1 N | [56] | |
Hungary | na | 4/4 | 7 N; 4 L | [293] | ||
Romania | 1.2 | 1/79 | 1 N | [294] | ||
Haemaphysalis flava | India | na | na | A | [289] | |
Haemaphysalis indoflava | India | na | na | na | [302] | |
Haemaphysalis intermedia | India | na | 2/2 | 8 ♂; 17♀; 28 N; 13 L | [303] | |
na | na | na | [300] | |||
Haemaphysalis kutchensis | India | na | na | 10 ♂; 1 ♀ | [348] | |
Haemaphysalis leachii (syns H. leachii leachii, H. leachii indica) | Egypt (as H. leachii leachii) | na | na | na | [305] | |
India | na | 1/1 | 9 ♂; 3 ♀ | [306] | ||
India (as H. leachii indica) | na | na | na | [289] | ||
na | 2/2 | 7 ♂; 2♀; 4 N; 1 L | [307] | |||
Nepal (as H. leachii indica) | na | 3/3 | 6 N | [307] | ||
Haemaphysalis longicornis (syn. H. neumanni) | Ceylon | na | na | na | [308] | |
Haemaphysalis paraleachi | Sudan | 100 | 10/10 | 42 ♂; 4 ♀ | [309] | |
Haemaphysalis parva (syn. H. otophila) | India | na | na | na | [310] | |
Israel | na | 3/3 | na | [299] | ||
Israel (as H. otophila) | na | 6/6 | 37 | [311] | ||
Haemaphysalis punctata | Romania | na | 4/4 | na | [312] | |
2.5 | 2/79 | 1 ♂; 2 N | [294] | |||
Hyalomma sp. | Russia | 0.7 | 1/150 | 1 | [53] | |
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Hyalomma aegyptium | USSR (former) | na | na | na | [313] | |
Hyalomma anatolicum | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Hyalomma asiaticum | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Hyalomma scupense | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Ixodes sp. | Iran | na | 1/1 | na | [314] | |
Russia | na | na | na | [339] | ||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Ixodes acuminatus (syn. I. redikorzevi theodori) | Israel | na | 6/6 | 1 | [311] | |
Ixodes canisuga | Hungary | na | 4/4 | 1 N | [293] | |
Ixodes hexagonus | Romania | 10.1 | 8/79 | 2 ♂; 11 ♀; 24 N; 12 L | [294] | |
Ixodes ovatus | Nepal | na | 1/1 | 6 ♀ | [315] | |
Ixodes ricinus | Hungary | na | 4/4 | 3 A | [293] | |
Iran | 3.5 | 2/56 | na | |||
Italy | na | 1/1 | na | [116] | ||
Romania | na | 1/1 | na | [316] | ||
na | 4/4 | na | [312] | |||
26.5 | 21/79 | 54 ♂; 45♀; 3 N; 4 L | [294] | |||
Russia | 68.7 | 103/150 | 1–62 | [53] | ||
Serbia | 55.0 | 11/20 | na | [292] | ||
Rhipicephalus sp. | Iran | 1.7 | 1/56 | na | ||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Rhipicephalus annulatus (syn. Boophilus calcaratus) | Russia | 1.3 | 2/150 | 1–2 | [53] | |
Rhipicephalus cuspidatus | Haute-Volta | na | na | na | [290] | |
Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides | India | na | na | na | [289] | |
na | 1/1 | 4 ♂ | [306] | |||
na | 2/2 | 1 ♀; 2 N | [303] | |||
na | na | na | [300] | |||
Nepal | na | na | na | [288] | ||
Rhipicephalus leporis | Iraq | na | na | na | [297] | |
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Rhipicephalus pumilio | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] | ||
Rhipicephalus rossicus | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Rhipicephalus sanguineus | Algeria | na | 2/2 | 15 ♂; 8 ♀ | [317] | |
Burma, Ceylon, India | na | na | na | [289] | ||
India | na | na | na | [300] | ||
Iran | na | na | na | [314] | ||
Israel | na | 6/6 | na | [311] | ||
Nepal | na | na | na | [288] | ||
Nigeriaa | na | 3/6 | na | [41] | ||
Romania | na | 1/1 | na | [316] | ||
na | 4/4 | na | [312] | |||
1.2 | 1/79 | 1 ♂ | [294] | |||
Serbia | 0.5 | 1/20 | na | [292] | ||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Turkey | na | na | na | [150] | ||
na | na | na | [318] | |||
Rhipicephalus schulzei | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Rhipicephalus simus | Kenya | na | na | na | [319] | |
Rhipicephalus sulcatus | Haute-Volta | na | na | 5 ♂ | [290] | |
Rhipicephalus turanicus | Iraq | na | na | na | [320] | |
100 | 14/14 | na | [297] | |||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] | ||
Psoroptidae | Otodectes cynotis | Iran | 1.7 | 1/56 | na | |
Sarcoptidae | Sarcoptes scabiei | Israel | na | 1/1 | na | [287] |
Class Insecta | ||||||
Boopiidae | Heterodoxus spiniger | Africa (North, East); Asia (South); Europe (Southeast) | na | na | na | [321] |
Uganda | na | 1/1 | 1 ♂; 2 ♀ | [322] | ||
Ceratophyllidae | Paraceras melis | Russia | 10.0 | 15/150 | 1–12 | [53] |
3.3 | 5/150 | na | [323] | |||
Coptopsyllidae | Coptopsylla lamellifer dubinini | Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] |
Hippoboscidae | Hippobosca longipennis | Russia | 2.7 | 4/150 | 1–2 | [53] |
Linognathidae | Linognathus setosus | Afrotropical Region | na | na | na | [324] |
Nepal | na | na | na | [288] | ||
Pediculidae | Pediculus sp. | Bangladesh | na | na | na | [118] |
Pulicidae | Pulex irritans | Afghanistan | na | na | 2 ♂; 1 ♀ | [325] |
Iran | na | na | 3 ♂; 1 ♀ | [326] | ||
Israel | na | 6/6 | 36 | [311] | ||
Russia | 24.0 | 36/150 | 1–15 | [53] | ||
14.0 | 21/150 | na | [323] | |||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] | ||
Ctenocephalides canis | Afghanistan | na | na | 10 ♂; 38 ♀ | [325] | |
Iran | na | na | 13 ♂; 25 ♀ | [326] | ||
10.8 | 6/56 | na | ||||
Israel | na | 4/6 | 27 | [311] | ||
Nigeriaa | na | 1/6 | na | [41] | ||
Russia | 48.0 | 72/150 | 1–28 | [53] | ||
17.3 | 30/150 | na | [323] | |||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Turkey | na | na | na | [150] | ||
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] | ||
Ctenocephalides felis (syn. C. felis felis) | Ethiopia | na | na | na | [327] | |
India (as C. felis felis) | na | na | na | [328] | ||
Iran (as C. felis felis) | na | na | 2 ♂; 2 ♀ | [326] | ||
Israel | 50.0 | 3/6 | 6 | [311] | ||
Russia | 3.3 | 5/150 | 1–4 | [53] | ||
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | [152] | ||
Echidnophaga gallinacea | Afghanistan | na | na | 1 ♂ | [325] | |
Ethiopia | na | na | na | [327] | ||
Xenopsylla nesokiae | Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | |
Trichodectidae | Trichodectes canis | Russia | 13.3 | 20/150 | 1–34 | [53] |
Tajikistan | na | na | na | [148] | ||
Vermipsyllidae | Chaetopsylla globiceps | Russia | 27.3 | 41/150 | 1–19 | [53] |
6.7 | 10/150 | na | [323] | |||
Class Maxillopoda | ||||||
Linguatulidae | Linguatula serrata | Romania | 1.3 | 1/73 | 1 ♂ | Our unpublished data |