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Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate factors related to C. felis infestation prevalence in dogs

From: Modelling the current distribution and predicted spread of the flea species Ctenocephalides felis infesting outdoor dogs in Spain

 

Bivariate OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Corine, level 1

  

 Artificial surfaces

Ref

Ref

 Agricultural areas

0.53 (0.38–0.73)***

0.44 (0.24–0.79)**

 Forest and semi natural areas

0.12 (0.07–0.19)***

0.06 (0.03–0.13)***

Spring rainfall

0.76 (0.66–0.87)***

Summer rainfall

0.65 (0.52–0.8)***

0.55 (0.36–0.83)**

Autumm rainfall

0.77 (0.68–0.88)***

Winter rainfall

0.89 (0.82–0.98)*

Spring rainfall

0.76 (0.66–0.87)***

Summer rainfall

1.17 (1.1–1.25)***

1.48 (1.27–1.72)***

Autumm temperature

1.15 (1.11–1.2)***

0.62 (0.51–0.75)***

Winter temperature

0.89 (0.82–0.98)*

Bioclimatic belt

  

 Bioclimatic zone G

Ref

Ref

 Bioclimatic zones C, D

1.03 (0.63–1.66)

0.14 (0.05–0.36)***

 Bioclimatic zone H

0.93 (0.62–1.38)

0.13 (0.05–0.31)***

 Bioclimatic zone I

2.25 (1.38–3.68)***

0.96 (0.35–2.64)

 Bioclimatic zone O

3.42 (2.11–5.53)***

5.63 (1.50–21.14)*

Elevation in km

0.49 (0.29–0.81)**

Aspect

0.83 (0.73–0.94)**

Slope

1.02 (0.96–1.09)

Distance to UrS

0.99 (0.99–1)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)***

NDVI

47.24 (13.12–170.10)***

0.10 (0.01–1.15)

  1. Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, Ref Reference category, UrS urban settlement, NDVI normalized difference vegetation index
  2. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001