Fig. 4

Results of NMDS analyses. a Mosquito community compositions for the three countries. Abbreviations: S, Sweden; N, the Netherlands; I, Italy. b NMDS analysis for the farm (F), peri-urban (P) and, wetland (W) habitats based on the number of mosquitoes trapped per species in each habitat and country. c NMDS analysis based on the number of mosquitoes trapped per species at each location in each country and habitat (Sweden in blue: SF, SP, and SW, the Netherlands in orange: NF, NP, and NW, Italy in green: IF, IP, and IW). The Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index was used for determination of dissimilarities among mosquito community compositions. Stress value = 0.119 for panels A and B, which indicates a good fit of the model. Stress value = 0.197 for panel C, which indicates a reasonable fit of the model