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Table 2 Estimates of populations living in areas endemic for three major filariases in Africa, which may be targeted with tailored mass drug administration (MDA) schemes according to the level of co-endemicity of the filarial nematode species

From: Identifying co-endemic areas for major filarial infections in sub-Saharan Africa: seeking synergies and preventing severe adverse events during mass drug administration campaigns

 

Estimates of populations living in areas potentially targetable with different MDA schemes

IVM + ALB

IVM

IVM + ALB (E)a

IVM (E)a

ALB(2/year) + ITNa

IVM + ALB + ITN (E + MM)a

DEC + ALB + IVMb

IVM (E + MM)a

Eastern Africa

8,413,869

20,963,598

–

–

–

–

45,192,922

–

Burundi

–

1,390,645

–

–

–

–

–

–

Eritrea

–

–

–

–

–

–

104,459

–

Ethiopia

2,340,296

14,392,313

–

–

–

–

1,161,307

–

Kenya

–

–

–

–

–

–

1,045,022

–

Madagascar

–

–

–

–

–

–

13,557,237

–

Malawi

–

2,048,395

–

–

–

–

–

–

Mozambique

493,510

742,771

–

–

–

–

10,369,358

–

Rwanda

–

38,195

–

–

–

–

–

–

Uganda

1,426,558

2,174,834

–

–

–

–

992,624

–

Tanzania

4,153,505

176,445

–

–

–

–

10,262,625

–

Zambia

–

–

–

–

–

–

6,426,817

–

Zimbabwe

–

–

–

–

–

–

1,273,473

–

Middle Africa

17,259,697

18,580,670

7,040,636

2,498,132

1,381,558

6,636,062

4,154,028

1,741,016

Angola

225,104

5,670,871

–

111,473

323

2314

116,774

244,993

Cameroon

3,064,962

435,486

1,270,793

245,554

331,363

1,548,497

635,665

251,586

CAR

555,240

5358

681,391

3062

697,014

756,080

60,605

33,118

Chad

1,139,547

857,065

476,212

25,770

–

211,614

363,059

–

Congo

37,729

3026

101,911

5767

39,154

29,242

27,589

9924

DRC

12,237,115

11,608,864

4,483,037

2,104,428

222,533

3744,58

2,950,335

1,038,597

Equatorial Guinea

–

–

27,293

–

91,172

343,735

–

–

Gabon

–

–

–

2078

–

–

–

162,798

Northern Africa

3,045,672

3,046,221

509,869

18,858

19,263

208,310

4,688,564

8669

South Sudan

2,998,136

2,969,800

509,869

18,858

19,263

208,310

843,150

8669

Sudan

47,536

76,421

–

–

–

–

3,845,414

–

Western Africa

50,942,788

23,619,598

3,563,101

724,325

–

21,278

26,738,452

72,050

Benin

1,821,021

1,847,795

–

–

–

–

97,670

–

Burkina Faso

4,332,528

5,527,801

–

–

–

–

–

–

Ghana

307,396

2,030,355

–

–

–

–

84,886

–

Guinea

3,390,416

227,213

–

–

–

–

1,461,344

–

Guinea-Bissau

176,095

–

–

–

–

–

524,123

–

Liberia

42,021

–

–

–

–

–

1,964,905

–

Mali

5,959,767

6758

–

–

–

–

2,861,263

–

Mauritania

–

–

–

–

–

–

700,830

–

Niger

78,987

842,637

–

–

–

–

4,837,755

–

Nigeria

25,275,083

10,052,102

3,563,101

724,325

–

21,278

7,974,187

72,050

Senegal

412,921

–

–

–

–

–

2,883,203

–

Sierra Leone

2,688,260

–

–

–

–

–

683,589

–

Togo

–

2,670,471

–

–

–

–

–

–

Côte d’Ivoire

6,458,292

414,466

–

–

–

–

2,664,695

–

Grand total

79,662,026

66,210,087

11,113,605

3,241,315

1,400,822

6,865,650

80,773,966

1,821,736

  1. aTest & Treat (measure Loiasis microfilaraemia load before treatment and exclude those with > 30,000 mf/ml)
  2. bTriple therapy with DEC is not yet recommended in countries where onchocerciasis is endemic. Re-evaluation of current endemicity is now considered in areas that were classified as hypoendemic by REMO mapping
  3. Abbreviations: ALB albendazole, CAR Central African Republic, DEC diethylcarbamazine, DRC Democratic Republic of Congo, E enhanced post-treatment monitoring for rapid determination of potential loiasis-related SAEs, IVM ivermectin, ITN insecticide-treated nets, MDA mass drug administration, MM medical monitoring at the community during 3–4 days after MDA; SAE severe adverse even
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