Fig. 4

Haplotype networks obtained from cox1 (a) and rpoB (b), respectively. The numbers show the mutation sites splitting haplotypes. Small red dots indicate median vectors which represent hypothesized (often unsampled or extinct ancestral) sequence [20]. Haplotypes of S. arctica are shown in brackets. Blue and green dots indicate different S. arctica haplotypes; same colour groups 1 singleton difference