Fig. 1

Phenoloxidase (PO) activity in Achatina fulica infected with 750 first-stage (L1) larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum, tested with the substrates L-DOPA L-Tyrosine and p- phenylenediamine (PPD). Each column represents mean and standard deviation of PO. a Analysis with the substrate L-DOPA: **P < 0.001 and *P < 0.01 statistical significance of 8 dpi and 13 dpi, respectively, in comparison with the control; solid arrow (P < 0.001), 8 dpi and 13 dpi in comparison with 1 dpi; dashed arrow ### (P < 0.001), 30 dpi in comparison with 8 dpi; and ## (P < 0.01), 30 dpi in comparison with 13 dpi. b Analysis with the substrate L-Tyrosine: **P < 0.01, 1 dpi in comparison with the control; solid arrow (P < 0.05), 13 dpi in comparison with 1 dpi. c Analysis with the substrate PPD; *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001, 1 dpi, 8 dpi, and 13 dpi in comparison with the control; solid arrow (P < 0.001), 13 dpi in comparison with 1 dpi and 8 dpi; ## P < 0.01, 30 dpi in comparison with 13 dpi