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Fig. 2 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 2

From: Association between canine leishmaniosis and Ehrlichia canis co-infection: a prospective case-control study

Fig. 2

Structural equation model showing predictors of vector-borne co-infection (except Leishmania infantum), and pathogen covariance (including L. infantum). Values represent standardised coefficients among variables. Single headed arrows represent directional/causal relationships and double headed arrows covariance relationships among pathogens. For image clarity the coefficients of host characteristics predicting pathogens are listed next to each host characteristic. In all cases, except age, variables are binomial (0 or 1) with 1 equal to male, outside, ectoparasitic prevention use, pedigree and positive pathogen status. Significant relationships (P ≤ 0.05) denoted by bold font and trending relationships (P < 0.1) denoted by *. Abbreviations: A. platys, Anaplasma platys; E. canis, Ehrlichia canis; M. haemocanis, Mycoplasma haemocanis. Note: Values represent standardised coefficients among variables. Single headed arrows represent directional/causal relationships and double headed arrows covariance relationships among pathogens. For image clarity the coefficients of host characteristics predicting pathogens are listed next to each host characteristic. In all cases, except age, variables are binomial (0 or 1) with 1 equal to male, outside, ectoparasitic prevention use, pedigree and positive pathogen status. Significant relationships (P ≤ 0.05) denoted by bold font and trending relationships (P < 0.1) denoted by *.

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