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Table 7 Reported length and width measurements of microfilaria of Dirofilaria immitis, D. repensa, Acanthocheilonema reconditum, and A. dracunculoidesa recovered by modified Knott (formalin fixed)

From: Prime detection of Dirofilaria immitis: understanding the influence of blocked antigen on heartworm test performance

Measurement (μm)

Dirofilaria immitis

Dirofilaria repens a

Acanthocheilonema reconditum

Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides a

Reference

Length

295–325

268–360

250–288

189–230

[39]

 

290–330

300–360

260–283

190–247

[42]

 

295–308

359–380

259–270

253–266

[43]

 

307–332

360

246–292

~ 300

[45]

 

231–288b

302–344b

NR

NR

[46]

 

≥ 315

NR

< 290

< 290

[68]

 

280–320

NR

215–270

NR

[69]

Width

5.0–7.5

5.0–8.0

4.5–5.5

5.0–6.0

[39]

 

5.0–7.0

6.0–8.0

4.0

4.0–6.5

[42]

 

6.0–6.6

8.3–9.5

4.1–5.1

4.6–5.6

[43]

 

6.8

12.0

4.7–5.8

NR

[45]

 

6.1–7.2

NR

4.7–5.8

NR

[69]

 

6.0–7.0

NR

< 5.6

NR

[70]

  1. aAutochthonous infections not documented to occur in North America
  2. bMicrofilaria recovered by thick smear (methanol fixed)