Skip to main content

Table 1 Giardia spp. in wild rodents as determined by various detection methods for samples from different study sites

From: Occurrence and distribution of Giardia species in wild rodents in Germany

Species

Analysis

Rodent samples by site (sample size/Giardia detection)

Total

Giardia detection

Prevalence (%)c (95% CI)d

Billerbecka

Gothab

Krahnbergb

Schaderodea

Jeeser

Saal

Kammerforsta

Leinawaldb

Pahnaer Holzb

Phoenix Ost

Weissacha,b

Apodemus agrarius

IFA

 

4/2

1/1

 

17/3

 

7/1

2/0

2/0

2/1

 

35

8

22.9 (10.4–40.1)

qPCR

 

4/2

1/0

 

17/7

 

7/5

2/1

2/2

2/1

 

35

18

51.4 (34.0–68.6)

SSU PCR

 

4/2

1/1

 

17/14

 

7/3

2/0

2/2

2/2

 

35

24

68.6 (50.7–83.1)

Apodemus flavicollis

IFA

6/1

3/0

  

7/5

1/1

5/1

   

16/1

38

9

23.7 (11.4–40.2)

qPCR

6/0

3/1

  

7/5

1/0

5/5

   

16/1

38

12

31.6 (17.5–48.6)

SSU PCR

6/2

3/1

  

7/5

1/1

5/1

   

16/3

38

13

34.2 (19.6–51.3)

Apodemus sylvaticus

IFA

4/0

 

2/2

2/2

      

1/1

9

5

55.6 (21.2–86.3)

qPCR

4/0

 

2/0

2/0

      

1/0

9

0

0 (0–33.6)

SSU PCR

4/0

 

2/1

2/0

      

1/1

9

2

22.2 (2.8–60.0)

Microtus agrestis

IFA

 

11/10

13/10

 

6/5

 

11/11

10/9

8/7

6/5

 

65

57

87.7 (77.2–94.5)

qPCR

 

10/9

8/8

 

6/6

 

11/11

10/10

8/8

6/6

 

59

58

98.3 (90.9–100)

SSU PCR

 

11/10

8/7

 

6/4

 

11/9

10/10

8/7

6/5

 

60

52

86.7 (75.4–94.1)

Microtus arvalis

IFA

1/1

63/55

2/2

9/7

18/16

 

1/1

1/1

  

13/13

108

96

88.9 (81.4–94.1)

qPCR

1/1

63/58

2/2

8/7

18/18

 

1/1

1/1

  

13/9

107

97

90.7 (83.5–95.4)

SSU PCR

1/1

63/52

2/2

8/7

18/13

 

1/1

1/1

  

13/9

107

81

75.7 (66.5–82.5)

Myodes glareolus

IFA

74/47

61/49

2/2

 

73/60

2/2

7/6

10/9

 

1/1

73/63

303

239

78.9 (73.8–83.3)

qPCR

74/64

61/58

2/2

 

73/68

2/2

7/7

10/9

 

1/1

73/63

302

274

90.7 (86.9–93.8)

SSU PCR

74/40

61/47

2/2

 

72/56

2/2

7/5

10/9

 

1/1

72/35

301

191

63.5 (57.7–68.9)

  1. aDiscrimination of A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus by molecular typing was not successful in Billerbeck for four animals (all Giardia-negative by IFA), in Schaderode for three animals (all Giardia positive by IFA), in Kammerforst for three animals (all Giardia-negative by IFA) and in Weissach for one animal (Giardia negative by IFA). These animals were excluded from the analysis in the table
  2. bDiscrimination of Microtus spp. by molecular typing was not successful in Gotha for one animal (Giardia positive by IFA), in Krahnberg for three animals (two Giardia positive by IFA), in Leinawald for two animals (all Giardia positive by IFA), in Pahnaer Holz for one animal (Giardia negative by IFA) and in Weissach for one animal (Giardia positive by IFA). These animals were excluded from the analysis in the table
  3. cHere the term prevalence is used to describe the proportion of Giardia spp. infections in the analyzed animal samples and is not meant to be understood as the ‘real’ prevalence of entire populations
  4. dTest for any difference of Giardia prevalence from rodent category was done using Fisher-Freeman-Halton test, IFA (P ≤ 0.0001), qPCR (P ≤ 0.0001), SSU PCR (P ≤ 0.0001). Comparison between groups was done by using Fisher’s exact test followed by multiple testing correction (Bonferroni-Holm procedure) and P-values are presented in Additional file 2: Table S1
Back to article page

Parasites & Vectors

ISSN: 1756-3305

Contact us