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Table 2 Clinical episodes of dog L11 in 2001 and 2002 as determined by symptoms, hematology, serology and pathogen detection by PCR or microscopy. Four clinical episodes were detected in the years 2001, 2002, 2005 and 2008. Symptoms were not always accompanied by fever and bleeding tendency was not always apparent. Other symptoms as lymphadenopathy, muscle pain, lameness, reluctance to move and lethargy were also observed

From: A lifelong study of a pack Rhodesian ridgeback dogs reveals subclinical and clinical tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections with possible reinfection or persistence

Year

2001

2002

Day/Month

23/04

27/04

14/05

29/06

28/08

09/02

07/03

21/06

03/09

23/09

25/09

18/10

Hematology (reference)

 Erythrocytes (> 5.5/pl)

7.05

6.21

6.78

7.84

7.56

7.11

 

6.75

7.15

5.72

6.33

6.46

 Hemoglobin (> 8.8 mmol/l)

10.66

9.42

10.23

11.90

10.97

10.60

 

10.66

11.04

8.37

9.05

9.61

 HT (> 42%)

51

46

48

61

56

54

 

49

52

39

43

50

 MCV (65.5–75.5 fl)

71.70

73.60

71.10

77.30

73.90

75.40

 

73.20

72.50

67.80

68.20

78.10

 MCH (0.90–1.55 pmol)

1.46

1.47

1.46

1.47

1.40

1.45

 

1.53

1.49

1.42

1.39

1.45

 MCHC (20.9–22.3 mmol/l)

21.08

20.58

21.2

19.59

19.59

19.78

 

21.58

21.20

21.64

21.02

19.10

 Thrombocytes (150–400/nl)

9

50

131

23

17

192

 

216

180

50

187

206

 Leukocytes (5.9–13.8/nl)

11.4

11.6

14.5

8.4

8.9

7.9

 

7.9

8.2

7.8

6.8

8.5

 Neutrophils (55–75%)

73

79

71

55

67

65

 

66

61

78

42

73

 Lymphocytes (13–30%)

16

18

16

35

22

27

 

23

33

9

52

21

 Monocytes (< 5%)

8

1

4

9

5

6

 

2

5

9

4

5

 Eosinophils (< 4%)

2

1

6

1

4

1

 

9

1

0

2

1

 Basophils (< 1%)

0

 

0

0

0

0

 

0

0

0

0

0

 Staphylococcus (< 4%)

1

1

3

0

2

1

 

0

0

4

0

0

Serology

 Anaplasma

Immunoblot

neg2

neg2

neg2

neg3

neg3

neg3

 

neg3

neg3

pos 3

pos 3

pos 3

IFT

pos 1

pos 1

neg1

         

Snap test

 

neg

neg

neg

neg

  

neg

neg

 

pos

neg

 Borrelia

WHC-titer

 

80

40

         

C6 Snap test

neg

neg

neg

neg

neg

  

neg

neg

 

neg

neg

Coagulation test

           

normal

 Microscopy (morulae)

pos

neg

neg

neg

neg

neg

  

neg

pos

neg

neg

 PCR - DNA

pos 2,4

neg2

pos 2

neg2

neg3

neg3

 

neg3

neg3,4

pos 1,3,4

pos 3

neg1,3

 RLB

A. phago variant 1

pos 2

 

neg

      

pos 3

neg

 

A. phago variant 2

neg

 

neg

      

neg

neg

 

A. phago variant 3

neg

 

neg

      

neg

neg

 

A. phago variant 4

neg

 

pos 2

      

pos 3

neg

 

E. equi

neg

 

neg

         

HGE agent

neg

 

neg

      

pos 3

pos 3

 

 Clinics

 

Body temperature

38.8

38.4

38.4

38.5

38.2

38.3

38.3

38.2

 

39.6

 

38.5

Bleeding

ecchm

resolv

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

no

Other

listless, lymphaden. R popliteus

pseudolac

 

lame

myositis, lays, pseudolac, lameness

pseudolac

dyspneu

cough

Therapy

 

doxy

  

doxy

 

doxy

doxy

  

doxy

amox/clv

Ticks on dog

yes

    

yes

 

yes

yes

yes

 

yes

  1. Notes: Deviant or positive laboratory results are shown in bold. Serology and Anaplasma DNA detection employed different methods which were performed in different years and laboratories indicated by numbers 1 to 4. Assay method depended on laboratory and year of processing and is indicated as:1VMDC till 2008; 2RIVM in 2001; 3RIVM in 2003; and 4RIVM in 2014. The in-house SNAP® 4Dx test (IDEXX) was employed to determine antibodies against the p44 antigen, which was also detected by immunoblot in the first 2 years as was the IFA (immunofluorescent assay) in the first year. The agent detection by 16S rRNA gene amplification and confirmed by reverse line blot hybridization (RLB) detecting variants of A. phagocytophilum was performed in the first two years. Time of doxycycline therapy and of tick collections from skin are notated
  2. Abbreviations: pos positive, neg negative, pseudolac pseudo-lactation after estrous, OVH spaying by ovariohysterectomym lymphaden lymphadenopathy, ecchm ecchymosis, resolv resolving, A. phago A. phagocytophilum, E. equi Ehrlichia equi, doxy doxycyclin, amox/clv amoxicillin with clavulanic acid