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Table 4 Percentage of motility of H. contortus adult worns when exposed to different concentrations of essential oils

From: Essential oils of Citrus aurantifolia, Anthemis nobile and Lavandula officinalis: in vitro anthelmintic activities against Haemonchus contortus

  

Time (hours)

 

Concentration (mg/ml)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Control (+)

100

49b

22b

9b

2b

0b

0b

0b

0b

0b

0b

0b

0

Control (-) 1

100a

100

91

84

71

53

40

31

22

16

11

7

0a

Control (-) 2

100a

100

91

80

64

51

33

24

18

13

4

2

0a

C. aurantifolia

50.0

100a

49a,b

27a,b

11a,b

7a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

5.0

100a

49a,b

27a,b

18a,b

9a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

0.5

100a

87b

58b

40b

13b

9b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

A. nobilis

50.0

100a

44a,b

13a,b

4a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

5.0

100a

49a,b

18a,b

13a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

0.5

100a

69b

38b

33b

16b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

L. officinalis

50.0

100a

44a,b

31a,b

13a,b

7a,b

0a,b

0a

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

5.0

100a

56a,b

36b

29b

1 a,b

2a,b

0a

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

0.5

100a

82b

54b

44b

24b

13b

9a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a,b

0a

  1. Key: Control (+), levamisole 20 mg/ml; Control (-) 1, PBS + antibiotic (penicillin/streptomycin) 4% + tween 80 2%; Control (-) 2, PBS + antibiotic (penicillin/streptomycin) 4%
  2. aNo statistically significant difference between positive control and treatments
  3. bSignificant difference between positive control or treatments with negative control (ANOVA, followed by Tukey test; P < 0.05)