Parasites & Vectors

Table 4 Percentage of motility of H. contortus adult worns when exposed to different concentrations of essential oils

From: Essential oils of Citrus aurantifolia, Anthemis nobile and Lavandula officinalis: in vitro anthelmintic activities against Haemonchus contortus

		Time (hours)
	Concentration (mg/ml)	0	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24
Control (+)	–	100	49^b	22^b	9^b	2^b	0^b	0^b	0^b	0^b	0^b	0^b	0^b	0
Control (-) 1	–	100^a	100	91	84	71	53	40	31	22	16	11	7	0^a
Control (-) 2	–	100^a	100	91	80	64	51	33	24	18	13	4	2	0^a
C. aurantifolia	50.0	100^a	49^a,b	27^a,b	11^a,b	7^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	5.0	100^a	49^a,b	27^a,b	18^a,b	9^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	0.5	100^a	87^b	58^b	40^b	13^b	9^b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
A. nobilis	50.0	100^a	44^a,b	13^a,b	4^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	5.0	100^a	49^a,b	18^a,b	13^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	0.5	100^a	69^b	38^b	33^b	16^b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
L. officinalis	50.0	100^a	44^a,b	31^a,b	13^a,b	7^a,b	0^a,b	0^a	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	5.0	100^a	56^a,b	36^b	29^b	1 ^a,b	2^a,b	0^a	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a
	0.5	100^a	82^b	54^b	44^b	24^b	13^b	9^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a,b	0^a

Key: Control (+), levamisole 20 mg/ml; Control (-) 1, PBS + antibiotic (penicillin/streptomycin) 4% + tween 80 2%; Control (-) 2, PBS + antibiotic (penicillin/streptomycin) 4%
^aNo statistically significant difference between positive control and treatments
^bSignificant difference between positive control or treatments with negative control (ANOVA, followed by Tukey test; P < 0.05)

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